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NF‐κB: roles and regulation in different CD 4+ T‐cell subsets
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Summary: The nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) family of transcription factors plays important roles in various biological processes including apoptosis, stress response, immunity, and inflammation. NF‐κB signaling is involved in both immune cell development and function, and it is critical in modulation of the immune response through the transcriptional regulation of cytokine and chemokine expression. An area of great interest in T‐cell‐mediated adaptive immunity is the ability of naive CD 4+ T cells generated in the thymus to differentiate into various subsets including T‐helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, Th9, follicular helper T (Tfh), Th22, and regulatory T (Treg) cells, upon encountering different pathogens and microenvironments. In this review, we discuss the role of NF‐κB pathway in the development and functional divergence of the different helper T‐cell subsets as well as in regulatory T cells.
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“Other studies have also shown that FOXK2 affects the activation of T lymphocytes77,78 and revealed the essential roles of NR4A1 in regulatory T cell differentiation79,80, suggesting that the identified TFs have important roles in naive CD4+ T cell response upon TCR stimulation.”
From Inferring gene regulatory networks from single-cell multiome data using atlas-scale external data (2025) · cites this paper as [78]
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BackgroundInfluentialc‐Rel is crucial for the induction of Foxp3+ regulatory CD4+ T cells but not TH17 cells
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Background
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Metadata
- Authors
- Oh, H., & Ghosh, S.
- Affiliations
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Columbia University New York NY
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ghosh, Sankar
- ORCID
- Ghosh, Sankar
- Venue
- Immunological Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-02-13
- Volume
- 252
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-51
- ISSN
- 0105-2896 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-065X
- PMC
- PMC3576882
- OpenAlex
- W2070085523
- Cited by
- 408
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 2.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Immunological Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (R37-33443, R01-68977)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI068977, R37AI033443)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- NF-κB signaling, CD4+ T cells, T helper cell differentiation, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells, Th9 cells, Th22 cells, T follicular helper cells, regulatory T cells, transcriptional regulation, cytokine and chemokine expression, adaptive immunity, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Lymphocyte Activation, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Signal Transduction, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Cytokines, NF-kappa B, Mice, Adaptive Immunity
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