Alcohol measurement methodology in epidemiology: recent advances and opportunities
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Aim To review and discuss measurement issues in survey assessment of alcohol consumption for epidemiological studies. Methods The following areas are considered: implications of cognitive studies of question answering such as self‐referenced schemata of drinking, reference period and retrospective recall, as well as the assets and liabilities of types of current (e.g. food frequency, quantity–frequency, graduated frequencies and heavy drinking indicators) and life‐time drinking measures. Finally we consider units of measurement and improving measurement by detailing the ethanol content of drinks in natural settings. Results and conclusions Cognitive studies suggest inherent limitations in the measurement enterprise, yet diary studies show promise of broadly validating methods that assess a range of drinking amounts per occasion; improvements in survey measures of drinking in the life course are indicated; attending in detail to on‐ and off‐premise drink pour sizes and ethanol concentrations of various beverages shows promise of narrowing the coverage gap plaguing survey alcohol measurement.
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The diversity of alcohol consumption outcome measures is due in part to varying recall, reference period, and definition of a 'standard drink'.
“The diversity of alcohol consumption outcomes measures is due in part to varying recall, reference period, and definition of a “standard drink” [97–99].”
From Patient-level interventions to reduce alcohol-related harms in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-summary (2022) · cites this paper as [98]
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- Authors
- Greenfield, T. K., & Kerr, W. C.
- Affiliations
- Public Health Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Greenfield, Thomas K.
- Venue
- Addiction
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-04-16
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1082-1099
- ISSN
- 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
- 1360-0443
- PMC
- PMC2782942
- OpenAlex
- W2065332653
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 163
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 12.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Addiction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P30AA005595, R01AA013309)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- alcohol consumption measurement, self-reported drinking, survey question wording, reference period, retrospective recall, food frequency questionnaire, diary study, measurement error, coverage gaps
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Female, Humans, Male, Patient Compliance, Public Health, Alcohol-Related Disorders
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