CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 237Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesMental Health Treatment and Access

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The persistence of the association between adolescent cannabis use and common mental disorders into young adulthood

Degenhardt, Louisa, Coffey, Carolyn, Romaniuk, Helena, Swift, Wendy, Carlin, John B., Hall, Wayne D., Patton, George C.·2013·Addiction
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04015.x
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

AIMS: Debate continues about whether the association between cannabis use in adolescence and common mental disorders is causal. Most reports have focused on associations in adolescence, with few studies extending into adulthood. We examine the association from adolescence until the age of 29 years in a representative prospective cohort of young Australians. DESIGN: Nine-wave, 15-year representative longitudinal cohort study, with six waves of data collection in adolescence (mean age 14.9-17.4 years) and three in young adulthood (mean age 20.7, 24.1 and 29.1 years). PARTICIPANTS: Participants were a cohort of 1943 recruited in secondary school and surveyed at each wave when possible from mid-teen age to their late 20s. SETTING: Victoria, Australia. MEASUREMENTS: Psychiatric morbidity was assessed with the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R) at each adolescent wave, and as Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)-defined ICD-10 major depressive episode and anxiety disorder at 29 years. Frequency of cannabis use was measured in the past 6 months in adolescence. Cannabis use frequency in the last year and DSM-IV cannabis dependence were assessed at 29 years. Cross-sectional and prospective associations of these outcomes with cannabis use and dependence were estimated as odds ratios (OR), using multivariable logistic regression models, with the outcomes of interest, major depressive episode (MDE) and anxiety disorder (AD) at 29 years. FINDINGS: There were no consistent associations between adolescent cannabis use and depression at age 29 years. Daily cannabis use was associated with anxiety disorder at 29 years [adjusted OR 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI):< 1.2-5.2], as was cannabis dependence (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1-4.4). Among weekly+ adolescent cannabis users, those who continued to use cannabis use daily at 29 years remained at significantly increased odds of anxiety disorder (adjusted OR 3.2, 95% CI: 1.1-9.2). CONCLUSIONS: Regular (particularly daily) adolescent cannabis use is associated consistently with anxiety, but not depressive disorder, in adolescence and late young adulthood, even among regular users who then cease using the drug. It is possible that early cannabis exposure causes enduring mental health risks in the general cannabis-using adolescent population.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04015.x

Cites

48 of 48 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Institute of Medicine, 1996, Pathways of Addiction

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 237

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Degenhardt, L., Coffey, C., Romaniuk, H., Swift, W., Carlin, J. B., Hall, W. D., & Patton, G. C.
Affiliations
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • Royal Children's Hospital (AU)
  • UNSW Sydney (AU)
  • The University of Queensland (AU)
Corresponding author
Degenhardt, Louisa
ORCID
Venue
Addiction
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-10-18
Volume
108
Issue
1
Pages
124-133
ISSN
  • 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
  • 1360-0443
DOI
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04015.x
OpenAlex
W2111932815
Cited by
237
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
FWCI
13.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Addiction (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
adolescent cannabis use, cannabis use disorder, anxiety disorders, major depressive episode, common mental disorders, early adulthood, daily cannabis use, long-term mental health outcomes, causal relationship
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Marijuana Abuse, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review