The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot open label trial
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Insulin sensitizing agents may be useful in treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. AIM: A pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of metformin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS: In an open labelled study, patients with histologically confirmed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were given metformin (20 mg/kg) for 1 year. Insulin resistance (by log homeostasis assessment model analysis for insulin resistance and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index) and post-treatment hepatic histology were compared with pre-treatment histology. RESULTS: Fifteen patients completed 1 year of treatment. During the initial 3 months, there was improvement in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P-value 0.01 and 0.02, respectively) along with improvement in insulin sensitivity. However, after 3 months, there was no further improvement in insulin sensitivity and there was gradual rise in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase back to pre-treatment levels. Among the 10 patients with post-treatment biopsy, three (33%), showed improvement in steatosis, two (20%) showed improvement in inflammation score and one (10%) showed improvement in fibrosis. CONCLUSION: Metformin treatment was associated with only a transient improvement in liver chemistries. A progressive, sustainable reduction in insulin sensitivity was not noted during treatment.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Small and uncontrolled initial trials of metformin have shown an ALT reduction and an insulin-sensitising effect, 428,429 but were not followed by suf fi ciently large and well-conducted RCTs.”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [428]
Citations
Cites
Matthews, D. R., Hosker, J. P., Rudenski, A. S., Naylor, B. A., Treacher, D. F., & Turner, R. C. (1985) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00280883 · Cited by 31,502
Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Mechanism of Metformin Action
Zhou, G., Myers, R., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Shen, X., Fenyk-Melody, J., Wu, M., Ventre, J., Doebber, T., Fujii, N., et al. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci13505 · Cited by 5,652
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Angulo, P. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra011775 · Cited by 5,228
Steatohepatitis: A tale of two “hits”?
Day, C. P., & James, O. F. W. (1998) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(98)70599-2 · Cited by 4,285
Katz, A., Nambi, S. S., Mather, K., Baron, A. D., Follmann, D. A., Sullivan, G., & Quon, M. J. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.7.6661 · Cited by 3,931
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Proposal for Grading and Staging The Histological Lesions
Brunt, E. M., Janney, C. G., Di Bisceglie, A. M., Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A., & Bacon, B. R. (1999) · American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01377.x · Cited by 3,907
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity.
MATTEONI, C., YOUNOSSI, Z., GRAMLICH, T., BOPARAI, N., LIU, Y., & MCCULLOUGH, A. (1999) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70506-8 · Cited by 3,345
Ludwig, J., Viggiano, T. R., McGill, D. B., & Ott, B. J. (1980) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(24)00530-5 · Cited by 2,903
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities
Sanyal, A. J., Campbell–Sargent, C., Mirshahi, F., Rizzo, W. B., Contos, M. J., Sterling, R. K., Luketic, V. A., Shiffman, M. L., & Clore, J. N. (2001) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2001.23256 · Cited by 2,078
Bailey, C. J., & Turner, R. C. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199602293340906 · Cited by 1,726
Independent predictors of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Angulo, P., Keach, J. C., Batts, K. P., & Lindor, K. D. (1999) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.510300604 · Cited by 1,609
Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance
Marchesini, G., Brizi, M., Morselli‐Labate, A. M., Bianchi, G. P., Bugianesi, E., McCullough, A. J., Forlani, G., & Melchionda, N. (1999) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00271-5 · Cited by 1,570
The AMP‐Activated Protein Kinase: Fuel Gauge of the Mammalian Cell?
Hardie, D. G., & Carling, D. (1997) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00259.x · Cited by 1,317
Metabolic effects of metformin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Stumvoll, M., Nurjhan, N., Perriello, G., Dailey, G., & Gerich, J. E. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199508313330903 · Cited by 1,148
Cryptogenic Cirrhosis: Clinical Characterization and Risk Factors for Underlying Disease
Caldwell, S. H., Oelsner, D. H., Iezzoni, J. C., Hespenheide, E. E., Battle, E. H., & Driscoll, C. J. (1999) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.510290347 · Cited by 1,138
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: An expanded clinical entity
Bacon, B. R., Farahvash, M. J., Janney, C. G., & Neuschwander‐Tetri, B. A. (1994) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(94)90235-6 · Cited by 1,137
Mechanism by which metformin reduces glucose production in type 2 diabetes.
Hundal, R. S., Krssak, M., Dufour, S., Laurent, D., Lebon, V, Chandramouli, V, Inzucchi, S. E., Schumann, W. C., Petersen, K. F., Landau, B. R., et al. (2000) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2063 · Cited by 1,052
Leptin reverses insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in mice with congenital lipodystrophy
Shimomura, I., Hammer, R. E., Ikemoto, S., Brown, M. S., & Goldstein, J. L. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/43448 · Cited by 1,038
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Clark, J. M., Brancati, F. L., & Diehl, A. M. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.33573 · Cited by 929
Self-citationThe natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: A follow-up study
Teli, M. R., James, O., Burt, A. D., Bennett, M. K., & Day, C. P. (1995) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840220616 · Cited by 913
Shimomura, I., Matsuda, M., Hammer, R. E., Bashmakov, Y. K., Brown, M. S., & Goldstein, J. L. (2000) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(05)00010-9 · Cited by 860
Shimomura, I., Hammer, R. E., Richardson, J. A., Ikemoto, S., Bashmakov, Y., Goldstein, J. L., & Brown, M. S. (1998) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.12.20.3182 · Cited by 790
Neuschwander‐Tetri, B. A., Brunt, E. M., Wehmeier, K. R., Oliver, D., & Bacon, B. R. (2003) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2003.50420 · Cited by 744
Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a randomized trial
Lindor, K. D., Kowdley, K. V., Heathcote, J. E., Harrison, E. M., Jorgensen, R., Angulo, P., Lymp, J. F., Burgart, L., & Colin, P. (2004) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20092 · Cited by 727
A pilot study of pioglitazone treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Promrat, K., Lutchman, G., Uwaifo, G. I., Freedman, R. J., Soza, A., Heller, T., Doo, E., Ghany, M., Premkumar, A., Park, Y., et al. (2004) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20012 · Cited by 726
Metformin in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Marchesini, G., Bianchi, G., Tomassetti, S., Zoli, M., & Melchionda, N. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)06042-1 · Cited by 682
Metformin reverses fatty liver disease in obese, leptin-deficient mice.
Lin, H. Z., Yang, S. Q., Chuckaree, C., Kuhajda, F., Ronnet, G., & Diehl, A. M. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/79697 · Cited by 673
Self-citationPrevalence of obesity and diabetes in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis: A case-control study
Poonawala, A., Nair, S. P., & Thuluvath, P. J. (2000) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2000.17894 · Cited by 566
Self-citationPrevalence of chronic liver disease in the general population of northern Italy: The dionysos study
Bellentani, S., Tiribelli, C., Saccoccio, G., Sodde, M., Fratti, N., Martin, C. D., & Christianini, G. (1994) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840200611 · Cited by 515
Sheth, S. G., Gordon, F. D., & Chopra, S. (1997) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-126-2-199701150-00008 · Cited by 514
Mather, K. J., Hunt, A. E., Steinberg, H. O., Paradisi, G., Hook, G., Katz, A., Quon, M. J., & Baron, A. D. (2001) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.86.11.7880 · Cited by 363
Kakuma, T., Lee, Y., Higa, M., Wang, Z.-W., Pan, W., Shimomura, I., & Unger, R. H. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.15.8536 · Cited by 261
Kohlroser, J., Mathai, J., Reichheld, J., Banner, B. F., & Bonkovsky, H. L. (2000) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01707.x · Cited by 209
Denk, H., Stumptner, C., & Zatloukal, K. (2000) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(00)80233-0 · Cited by 208
Ribon, V., Johnson, J. H., Camp, H. S., & Saltiel, A. R. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.14751 · Cited by 196
Galuska, D., Nolte, L. A., Zierath, J. R., & Wallberg‐Henriksson, H. (1994) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00404340 · Cited by 121
Alberti (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199807)15:7
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 10.1002/hep.1840380427 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Chalasani, N., Younossi, Z., Lavine, J. E., Charlton, M., Cusi, K., Rinella, M., Harrison, S. A., Brunt, E. M., & Sanyal, A. J. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29367 · Cited by 7,239
Chalasani, N., Younossi, Z. M., Lavine, J. E., Diehl, A. M., Brunt, E. M., Cusi, K. J., Charlton, M., & Sanyal, A. J. (2012) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.25762 · Cited by 3,859
Self-citationRinella, M. E., Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A., Siddiqui, M. S., Abdelmalek, M. F., Caldwell, S., Barb, D., Kleiner, D. E., & Loomba, R. (2023) · Hepatology · doi:10.1097/hep.0000000000000323 · Cited by 2,667
Tacke, F., Horn, P., Wai-Sun Wong, V., Ratziu, V., Bugianesi, E., Francque, S., Zelber-Sagi, S., Valenti, L., Roden, M., Schick, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.031 · Cited by 2,210
Chalasani, N., Younossi, Z. M., Lavine, J. E., Diehl, A. M., Brunt, E. M., Cusi, K. J., Charlton, M., & Sanyal, A. J. (2012) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.04.001 · Cited by 1,805
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Nair, S., Diehl, A. M., Wiseman, M., Farr, G. H., & Perrillo, R. P.
- Affiliations
- Ochsner Medical Center (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nair, S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-06-14
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-28
- ISSN
- 0269-2813 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2036
- OpenAlex
- W2056505063
- Cited by
- 369
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 20.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Keywords
- metformin, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin sensitizers, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, hepatic steatosis, liver fibrosis, liver inflammation, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, drug safety and efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Alanine Transaminase, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Drug Evaluation, Female, Hepatitis, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin Resistance, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Pilot Projects, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
