CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 67Asthma and respiratory diseasesChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ResearchRespiratory viral infections research

Budesonide and formoterol inhibit inflammatory mediator production by bronchial epithelial cells infected with rhinovirus

Open access
Skevaki, C. L., Christodoulou, I., Spyridaki, I. S., Tiniakou, I., Georgiou, V., Xepapadaki, P., Kafetzis, D. A., Papadopoulos, N. G.·2009·Clinical & Experimental Allergy
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03307.x
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Summary: Background Rhinoviruses (RVs) are responsible for the majority of acute asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. RVs infect the lower airways and induce the production of pro‐inflammatory and remodelling‐associated mediators. Budesonide (BUD) and formoterol (FORM) synergize in controlling asthma and COPD exacerbations; however, their effects on virus‐induced inflammation and remodelling are less known. Objective We investigated whether BUD and FORM synergize in suppressing RV‐induced inflammation and remodelling in the airways. Methods In vitro models of RV infection of BEAS‐2B and primary normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were used. We assessed the effects of individual and combined drugs administered post‐infection, at a clinically relevant concentration range (10−6–10−10 m), on the production of CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL8, IL‐6 and the remodelling‐associated VEGF and bFGF, using ELISA and RT‐PCR. Results BUD effectively suppressed RV‐mediated induction of all mediators studied, in a concentration‐dependent manner. FORM alone suppressed the production of CXCL8 and bFGF. The combination of BUD and FORM had concentration‐dependent, additive or synergistic effects in the suppression of RV‐induced CCL5, CXCL8 and CXCL10 in both cell types as well as VEGF in NHBE only. Combination treatment also resulted in an enhanced suppression of RV‐induced IL‐6, and CCL5 at the mRNA level as compared with BUD or FORM alone. Conclusion BUD and FORM suppress RV‐induced chemokines and growth factors in bronchial epithelial cells in a concentration‐dependent, synergistic or additive manner. These data further support the combined use of BUD and FORM in asthma and COPD and intensification of this therapy during exacerbations.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03307.x

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Many clinical studies have identified positive associations between levels of airway epithelial cell-derived inflammatory mediators and disease severity.

    “Many clinical studies have identified positive associations between levels of airway epithelial cell-derived inflammatory mediators and disease severity.”

    From The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses (2011) · cites this paper as [271]

  • Dose-related associations were found between several cytokines and chemokines (including IL-8/CXLC8, MIP-1α/CCL3, MCP-1/CCL2, and the IL-6/TNF-α ratio) in respiratory secretions and the severity of RSV bronchiolitis.

    “For instance, dose-related associations were found between several cytokines and chemokines (including IL-8/CXLC8, MIP-1α/CCL3, MCP-1/CCL2, and the IL-6/TNF-α ratio) in respiratory secretions and the severity of RSV bronchiolitis (76, 114, 271)”

    From The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses (2011) · cites this paper as [271]

  • The associations between inflammatory mediators and RSV bronchiolitis severity suggest a relationship between overly aggressive innate immune responses and disease following infection.

    “suggesting a relationship between overly aggressive innate immune responses and disease following infection.”

    From The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses (2011) · cites this paper as [271]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Skevaki, C. L., Christodoulou, I., Spyridaki, I. S., Tiniakou, I., Georgiou, V., Xepapadaki, P., Kafetzis, D. A., & Papadopoulos, N. G.
Affiliations
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
Corresponding author
Skevaki, C. L.
ORCID
Venue
Clinical & Experimental Allergy
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2009-10-21
Volume
39
Issue
11
Pages
1700-1710
ISSN
  • 0954-7894 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2222
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03307.x
OpenAlex
W2160971027
Cited by
67
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Clinical & Experimental Allergy (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
  • DSpace - NTUA (National Technical University of Athens) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • AstraZeneca
  • European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
Keywords
budesonide, formoterol, rhinovirus infection, bronchial epithelial cells, airway inflammation, airway remodeling, chemokines, RANTES, CXCL10, interleukin-8, interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, combination therapy, asthma exacerbations, COPD exacerbations, BEAS-2B cells
MeSH terms
Formoterol Fumarate, Asthma, Bronchi, Bronchodilator Agents, Drug Synergism, Epithelial Cells, Ethanolamines, Humans, Inflammation, Picornaviridae Infections, Rhinovirus, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Inflammation Mediators, Chemokines, Budesonide, Respiratory Mucosa, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Chemokine CXCL10

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review