Prolactin and adrenal androgen secretion
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of prolactin in the secretion by the adrenal of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and its sulphate (DHA‐S). Therefore prolactin and DHA‐S levels were determined in different groups of subjects under various physiological and pathological conditions. In patients with prolactinomas, or with pharmacologically induced hyperprolactinaemia, plasma DHA‐S and, to lesser extend, DHA concentrations were elevated, and the DHA‐S blood production rate greatly increased. ACTH stimulation which did not influence DHA‐S concentrations in normals, caused a significant increase in patients with prolactinomas; the increase in DHA concentrations was similar in normal subjects and in prolactinoma patients. Bromocriptine treatment of prolactinaemia patients normalized both prolactin and DHA‐S concentrations. Acute elevation of prolactin in normal subjects by TRH stimulation or by short term administration of sulpiride, in contrast to long term treatment, did not influence DHA‐S levels. During pregnancy, notwithstanding high prolactin concentrations, DHA‐S concentrations were lower than during the menstrual cycle. In patients with prolactinomas, given glucocorticoid replacement with cortisol, DHA‐S concentrations were low (normal) notwithstanding persistently high prolactin concentrations. It is concluded that only prolonged elevation of prolactin induces increased DHA‐S secretion by the adrenal cortex and that normal ACTH secretion is a prerequisite for this effect. The absence of elevated DHA‐S concentrations in pregnancy might be explained by the rapid rate of metabolism, as the DHA‐S production rate is increased. The intimate mechanism of prolactin and ACTH interaction at the adrenal cortex remains however unknown.
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In vivo studies show that PRL has a selective stimulatory effect on adrenal androgen production.
“These data are also consistent with the in vivo studies cited before showing that PRL has a selective stimulatory effect on adrenal androgen production 12,23-29 .”
From ACTH and prolactin synergistically and selectively regulate CYP17 expression and adrenal androgen production in human foetal adrenal organ cultures (2023) · cites this paper as [27]
A number of studies have described an association of hyperprolactinemia with increased adrenal androgen levels and an increased adrenocortical response to ACTH in patients with high circulating PRL levels.
“A number of studies have described the association of hyperprolactinemia with increased adrenal androgen levels and an increased adrenocortical response to ACTH in patients with high circulating PRL levels 12,23-29 .”
From ACTH and prolactin synergistically and selectively regulate CYP17 expression and adrenal androgen production in human foetal adrenal organ cultures (2023) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- VERMEULEN, A., & ANDO, S.
- Affiliations
- Ghent University Hospital (BE)
- Corresponding author
- VERMEULEN, A.
- ORCID
- VERMEULEN, A.
- Venue
- Clinical Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1978-04
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 295-303
- ISSN
- 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2265
- OpenAlex
- W1995673817
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 7.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- prolactin, adrenal androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone, prolactinoma, hyperprolactinemia, ACTH, bromocriptine, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, sulpiride, pregnancy, glucocorticoid replacement therapy, adrenal cortex
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adrenal Glands, Adult, Bromocriptine, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Middle Aged, Pituitary Neoplasms, Pregnancy, Prolactin, Secretory Rate, Sulpiride, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone
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