The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of flutamide and metformin administered alone or in combination in dieting obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Abstract
Summary: background Hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinaemia and obesity play a key and coordinating roles in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), contributing in different ways to the clinical expression of the syndrome. Weight loss is beneficial, but the additional administration of insulin‐lowering drugs, such as metformin, and antiandrogens may produce further benefits, due to their different spectrum of action. The effects of long‐term metformin and flutamide, an antiandrogen drug, added alone or in combination with a low‐calorie diet, on body weight and fat distribution, androgens, metabolic parameters and clinical status in obese women with PCOS were investigated. methods Forty obese women with PCOS were enrolled in the study. After a 1‐month diet, according to single‐blind design, the patients were allocated to treatment with placebo, metformin (850 mg/orally, twice daily), flutamide (250 mg/orally, twice daily) or metformin (850 mg/orally, twice daily) + flutamide (250 mg/orally, twice daily) for the following 6 months, while continuing hypocaloric dieting. At baseline and at the end of the study, sex hormone, SHBG, lipid, insulin and insulin sensitivity determinations were evaluated. At the same time, clinical parameters such as anthropometry, total (TAT), visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue, hirsutism and menses were also measured. results We found that, in obese PCOS women, following a hypocaloric diet the addition of metformin, flutamide or the combined metformin + flutamide treatment had some specific additional favourable effects with respect to the low‐calorie diet alone. In particular, flutamide treatment seemed to add a significant effect in decreasing visceral fat, androstenedione, DHEA‐S, total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and in improving hirsutism. Conversely, metformin had significant benefits on the menstrual status. The two drugs showed an additive effect in reducing testosterone concentrations and a synergistic effect in increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and SHBG levels. Improvement of insulin sensitivity and hyperinsulinaemia appeared to depend on hypocaloric diet, without any further significant effect of the pharmacological treatments, either alone or in combination. conclusions We conclude that, in obese PCOS women, following a hypocaloric diet the addition of metformin, flutamide or the combined metformin + flutamide treatment appears to have a more favourable outcome on body fat distribution, androgens, lipids, hirsutism and menses. However, our data emphasize the dominant role of hypocaloric dieting in improving insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia. Therefore, this study provides a rationale for specifically targeting different therapeutical options for PCOS according to the required outcomes.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Regardless of diet composition, a diet aimed at reducing weight yielded benefits in PCOS.”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [145]
In the citing paper
“There was no difference for most anthropometric, metabolic, fertility, non-fertility, QoL and emotional wellbeing outcomes.”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [145]
In the citing paper
“Gambineri and colleagues reported that metformin was better than placebo plus diet for menstrual pattern after 6 ( P =0.03) and 12 months ( P =0.003)”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [145]
Citations
Cites
Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I., & Fredrickson, D. S. (1972) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499 · Cited by 32,423
Matsuda, M., & DeFronzo, R. A. (1999) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.22.9.1462 · Cited by 5,621
A Critical Evaluation of Simple Methods for the Estimation of Free Testosterone in Serum
Vermeulen, A., Verdonck, L., & Kaufman, J. M. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.10.6079 · Cited by 3,824
Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanism and Implications for Pathogenesis
Dunaif, A. E. (1997) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.18.6.0318 · Cited by 2,776
Clinical assessment of body hair growth in women.
Ferriman, D., & Gallwey, J. D. (1961) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-21-11-1440 · Cited by 2,556
Franks, S. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199509283331307 · Cited by 2,463
Insulin Resistance and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanism and Implications for Pathogenesis
Dunaif, A. E. (1997) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.18.6.774 · Cited by 1,167
Kiddy, D. S., Hamilton‐Fairley, D., Bush, A., Short, F., Anyaoku, V., Reed, M. J., & Franks, S. (1992) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1992.tb02909.x · Cited by 921
Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
The Expert Committee On The Diagnosis And Classification Of Diabetes Mellitus (1998) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.21.1.s5 · Cited by 904
Velazquez, E. M., Mendoza, S., Hamer, T., Sosa, F., & Glueck, C. J. (1994) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(94)90209-7 · Cited by 865
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- 10.1210/jc.83.1.99 · DOI
- 10.1210/jc.85.9.3251 · DOI
- 10.1210/jc.87.6.2870 · DOI
- 10.1210/jc.82.2.556 · DOI
- 10.1210/jc.81.6.2198 · DOI
- Norusis M.J., 1990, SPSS/PC + 4 0 Base and Advanced Statistics Manuals
- 10.1210/jc.80.11.3346 · DOI
- 10.1210/jc.80.2.654 · DOI · Paper page
- Van der Koy E., 1993, Techniques for the measurements of visceral fat: a practical guide, International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 17, 187
- WHO, 1997, Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 216
Amiri, M., Golsorkhtabaramiri, M., Esmaeilzadeh, S., Ghofrani, F., Bijani, A., Ghorbani, L., & Delavar, M. A. (2014) · PubMed Central · Cited by 27
Neuroendocrine Dysfunction in PCOS: A Critique of Recent Reviews
Doi, S. A. R. (2008) · Clinical Medicine & Research · doi:10.3121/cmr.2008.796 · Cited by 26
Ovarian steroids modulate neuroendocrine dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome
Doi, S. A. R., Al-Zaid, M., Towers, P. A., Scott, C. J., & Al-Shoumer, K. A. S. (2005) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/bf03345319 · Cited by 26
Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome
Sam, S. (2015) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2015-0008 · Cited by 26
Iwasa, T., Matsuzaki, T., Tungalagsuvd, A., Munkhzaya, M., Mayila, Y., Kato, T., Kuwahara, A., & Irahara, M. (2016) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.048 · Cited by 25
Androgen receptor antagonists: a patent review (2008 – 2011)
Mohler, M. L., Coss, C. C., Duke, C. B., Patil, S. A., Miller, D. D., & Dalton, J. T. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents · doi:10.1517/13543776.2012.682571 · Cited by 25
“Anti-androgens are primarily used to ameliorate hirsutism common in PCOS patients but reports exist of anti-androgen administration restoring ovulation in subsets of patients [47-49].”
BackgroundIdiopathic Hirsutism and Insulin Resistance
Talaei, A., Adgi, Z., & kelishadi, M. M. (2013) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2013/593197 · Cited by 23
Hepatotoxicity during low-dose flutamide treatment for hirsutism
Castelo‐Branco, C., & Pino, M. L. D. (2009) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590902730754 · Cited by 23
“Flutamide at low doses (5500 mg/daily) is an effective treatment for moderate or severe hyperandrogenism [25], and it offers a rapid response without associating cosmetic or pharmacologic measures [26,27].”
BackgroundMetformin for overweight women at midlife: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Worsley, R., Jane, F., Robinson, P. J., Bell, R. J., & Davis, S. R. (2014) · Climacteric · doi:10.3109/13697137.2014.954997 · Cited by 22
Mullapudi, S. T., Helker, C. S., Boezio, G. L. M., Maischein, H., Sokòl, A. M., Graumann, J., (5992991), S. G., Matsuda, H., Kubicek, S., Yang, Y. H. C., et al. (2018) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.42209 · Cited by 21
“…ins mutants and compared it to seven other proteomes from diabetic tissues of murine or human origin (Figure 1F) (Hwang et al., 2010; Mullen & Ohlendieck, 2010; Giebelstein et al., 2012; Valle et al., 2012; S.-J. Kim et al., 2014; Capuani et al., 2015; Braga et al., 2016; Zabielski et al., 2016).”
BackgroundSerum lipid profile and insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Rashidi, H. (2018) · Journal of Diabetes Metabolic Disorders & Control · doi:10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00147 · Cited by 21
Ibáñez, L., & de Zegher, F. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.03.006 · Cited by 21
Dumesic, D. A., Winnett, C., Lu, G., Grogan, T., Abbott, D. H., Naik, R., & Chazenbalk, G. D. (2022) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.09.324 · Cited by 20
Iwasa, T., Matsuzaki, T., Yano, K., Mayila, Y., Kuwahara, A., Matsui, S., & Irahara, M. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2018.02.021 · Cited by 20
Effects of metformin on body weight in polycystic ovary syndrome patients: model-based meta-analysis
Chen, X., He, S., & Wang, D. (2020) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2021.1863788 · Cited by 20
Gambineri, A., Patton, L., Prontera, O., Fanelli, F., Ciampaglia, W., Cognigni, G. E., Pagotto, U., & Pasquali, R. (2011) · PubMed · doi:10.3275/7726 · Cited by 20
Self-citationAndrogen Receptor in Human Health: A Potential Therapeutic Target
Siddique, H. R., Nanda, S., Parray, A., & Saleem, M. (2012) · Current Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/138945012804545579 · Cited by 20
Early onset adiposity: a pathway to polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents?
Diamanti‐Kandarakis, E., Christakou, C. D., Kandaraki, E., & Alexandraki, K. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 20
Tan, X., Namadchian, M., & Baghayeri, M. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117261 · Cited by 19
RetractedIwasa, T., Matsuzaki, T., Yano, K., Yanagihara, R., Tungalagsuvd, A., Munkhzaya, M., Mayila, Y., Kuwahara, A., & Irahara, M. (2017) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.05.008 · Cited by 19
“, 2009; Hirschberg, 2012) and increase the risk of visceral obesity in women and experimental animals (Evans et al., 1988; Dieudonne et al., 1998; Ibanez et al., 2003; Gambineri et al., 2004; Nohara et al., 2014).”
BackgroundAbdalla, M. A., Shah, N. Z., Deshmukh, H., Sahebkar, A., Östlundh, L., Al‐Rifai, R. H., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T. (2021) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14623 · Cited by 18
“B, FBG BMI: 36.9 ± 5.5 Gambineri et al.36 RCT Italy N/A Age: 27.1 ± 3.6 Plac, Metfo, Flut, Metf + Flut 6 Months FBG, FI, HOMA‐IR BMI: 37.6 ± 4.1 Glintborg et al.37 RCT USA N/A Age: 32 Piog, Placebo 16 Weeks FI, HOMA‐IR BMI: N/A Glintborg et al.38 RCT USA N/A Age: 32 Piog, Plcebo 16 Weeks FI BMI: 32.2 (Continues) TABLE…”
BackgroundInfluentialPharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility
Taghavi, S. A., van Wely, M., Jahanfar, S., & Bazarganipour, F. (2021) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012650.pub2 · Cited by 20
Thiazolidinediones for the Therapeutic Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Elkind-Hirsch, K. E. (2006) · Treatments in Endocrinology · doi:10.2165/00024677-200605030-00005 · Cited by 18
Androgen Receptor is a Negative Regulator of PRDM16 in Beige Adipocyte
Zhao, S., Nie, T., Li, L., Long, Q., Gu, P., Zhang, Y., Sun, W., Lin, Z., Liu, Q., Qi, Y., et al. (2023) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202300070 · Cited by 18
Baldani, D. P., Skrgatic, L., Ougouag, R., & Kasum, M. (2018) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590.2017.1381681 · Cited by 17
“A study of the use of the anti-androgenic flutamide (250mg bid) in PCOS showed that in addition to lowering androgen levels and improving hirsutism, this medication improved lipid profiles [57].”
BackgroundAbdalla, M. A., Shah, N. Z., Deshmukh, H., Sahebkar, A., Östlundh, L., Al‐Rifai, R. H., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T. (2021) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14636 · Cited by 16
“Nine RCTs (31%) assessed the effect of metformin compared with placebo.(19,25,26,31,32,36,39,44,45) Five RCTs (17%) evaluated the effect of metformin compared with pioglitazone.”
BackgroundKey signalling pathways underlying the aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome
Walters, K. A., Moreno-Asso, A., Stepto, N. K., Pankhurst, M. W., Paris, V. R., & Rodgers, R. J. (2022) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-22-0059 · Cited by 19
Abdel-Maboud, M., Menshawy, A., Hasabo, E. A., Abdelraoof, M. I., Alshandidy, M., Eid, M., Menshawy, E., Outani, O., & Menshawy, A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254412 · Cited by 17
RetractedBarber, T. M., Vojtechova, P., & Franks, S. (2013) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2013-0014 · Cited by 16
Costello, M., & Ledger, W. J. (2012) · Women s Health · doi:10.2217/whe.12.14 · Cited by 14
“The other five RCTs found no significant differences between the treatment groups in terms of menstrual function [13,17,26,28,30], ovulation [13,17,18] and pregnancy rates [30].”
BackgroundObesity Management in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Lim, S. S., Clifton, P. M., Noakes, M., & Norman, R. J. (2006) · Women s Health · doi:10.2217/17455057.3.1.73 · Cited by 13
“While some studies in PCOS women found that metformin resulted in greater weight loss and fat loss compared with placebo [34,117–119], a recent meta-analysis found that metformin has no net effect on BMI or waist:hip ratio in this population [120].”
ResultIwasa, T., Matsuzaki, T., Mayila, Y., Yano, K., & Irahara, M. (2017) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.014 · Cited by 13
The Role of Androgen Excess in Metabolic Dysfunction in Women
Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2017) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_26 · Cited by 13
Bo, Y., Zhao, J., Liu, C., & Yu, T. (2025) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-025-03594-6 · Cited by 17
Scheideler, M., Herzig, S., & Georgiadi, A. (2017) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2017-0043 · Cited by 12
Alkoudsi, K. T., Alqudah, R., & Basheti, I. A. (2019) · Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/jep.13310 · Cited by 12
Use of antiandrogens as therapy for women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Moghetti, P. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.04.014 · Cited by 12
Androgens and polycystic ovary syndrome
Alpañés, M., Fernández‐Durán, E., & Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2011) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1586/eem.11.85 · Cited by 12
Metformin and polycystic ovary syndrome
Lebinger, T. G. (2007) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0b013e328089f0ea · Cited by 13
Ong, K. K., de Zegher, F., López‐Bermejo, A., Dunger, D. B., & Ibáñez, L. (2007) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-07-0261 · Cited by 12
Vine, D., Wang, Y., Jetha, M., Ball, G., & Proctor, S. (2016) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2854 · Cited by 40
Histoire naturelle des obésités
Basdevant, A. (2003) · Bulletin de l Académie Nationale de Médecine · doi:10.1016/s0001-4079(19)33916-0 · Cited by 11
Pourmatroud, E., Mohammadjafari, R., & Roozitalab, M. (2015) · Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal · doi:10.5812/ircmj.20082 · Cited by 11
“Many drugs were used as a treatment for PCOs or control its consequences, including metformin (4), Simvastatin (5), Atorvastatin (6), N - acetyl-cysteine (NAC) (7) and Flutamide (8).”
MethodIwasa, T., Noguchi, H., Tanano, R., Yamanaka, E., Takeda, A., Tamura, K., Aoki, H., Sugimoto, T., Sasada, H., Maeda, T., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242316567 · Cited by 10
Le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques (SOPK)
Torre, A., & Fernandez, H. (2007) · Journal de gynécologie, obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction. Supplément/Journal de gynécologie obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction · doi:10.1016/j.jgyn.2007.04.002 · Cited by 11
Anti-Müllerian Hormone: A Molecular Key to Unlocking Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?
Abbott, D. H., Hutcherson, B. A., & Dumesic, D. A. (2024) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1787525 · Cited by 10
(2014) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.4172/2155-6156.1000391 · Cited by 9
“Interventions that target both IR and dyslipidemia such as metformin-flutamide combination therapy may be warranted, however it remains unknown whether these drugs modulate postprandial lipemia and chylomicronemia in PCOS [58,79-81].”
BackgroundRelationship between serum cystatin C and polycystic ovary syndrome.
Gozashti, M. H., Gholamhoseinian, A., Musavi, F., & Mashrouteh, M. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 9
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): metformin.
Cahill, D. J., & O’Brien, K. O. (2015) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 9
Management of cardiometabolic complications in polycystic ovary syndrome: Unmet needs
Cardozo, L. L. Y., & Romero, D. G. (2021) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202002526rr · Cited by 9
The role of metformin in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Wang, H. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 9
Mahmoud, Z. H., Hussein, U. A., Aljbory, N., Alnajar, M. J., Maleknia, L., Mirani, A., & Kianfar, E. (2024) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics X · doi:10.1016/j.biosx.2024.100570 · Cited by 8
Basirat, Z., Kashifard, M., & Amiri, M. G. (2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 8
Gut Hormones, Obesity, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Malignancy, and Lipodystrophy Syndromes
Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2007) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc07-zb07 · Cited by 8
“Both metformin and the antiandrogen flutamide are associated with weight loss, reducing both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, with additive effect of the two agents in combination (32).”
BackgroundGasser, B. A., Kurz, J., Buerki, S., & Mohaupt, M. G. (2022) · Life · doi:10.3390/life12070998 · Cited by 7
Hu, Z., Wang, Y., Qiao, J., Li, M., Chi, H., & Chen, X. (2009) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.08.004 · Cited by 7
“consider that hyperandrogenism is responsible for increased LDL levels, and Franks has reported that the female relatives with malepattern alopecia of patients with PCOS had higher androgen levels than female relatives without alopecia [20–22].”
BackgroundThethi, T. K., Katalenich, B., Nagireddy, P., Chabbra, P., Kuhadiya, N. D., & Fonseca, V. A. (2015) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep14396.ra · Cited by 5
Metformin and polycystic ovary syndrome.
Omran, M. Y. S. (2007) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 6
Iwasa, T., Matsuzaki, T., Yano, K., Mayila, Y., & Irahara, M. (2017) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590.2017.1337096 · Cited by 6
“In contrast to estrogen, the effects of androgens on reproductive function and BW regulation in females have not been fully established, although it has been reported that hyperandrogenemia is usually accompanied by visceral obesity and ovulatory disorders in humans [10].”
BackgroundTy, M., Shah, & Rk, G. (2013) · Cited by 6
Androgen actions in metabolic tissues in polycystic ovary syndrome
MacRae, C. L., & Campbell, R. E. (2026) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqag001 · Cited by 5
Current procedures for managing polycystic ovary syndrome
Massicotte, M.-H., Langlois, F., & Baillargeon, J. (2009) · Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1586/eog.09.74 · Cited by 5
Forouhari, S., Krouni, A., Jahromi, B. N., Dabbaghmanesh, M. H., Shayan, A., Sepasi, S., & Zare, A. (2017) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_179_17 · Cited by 5
“Therefore, by stimulating the pituitary, insulin leads to an increase in and in some cases a decrease in gonadotropins.[31,32] The results of a study carried out by Shishehgar et al.”
ResultThe challenging role of antiandrogens in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome
Papadimitriou, K., Anagnostis, P. G., & Goulis, D. G. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823045-9.00013-4 · Cited by 5
Very low dose of flutamide in the treatment of hyperandrogenism
Fulghesu, A. M., Melis, F., Murru, G., Canu, E., & Melis, G. B. (2017) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590.2017.1397114 · Cited by 5
“It was used alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartateaminotransferase (AST) serum levels as a marker of hepatotoxicity [10,13].”
MethodOvarian Suppression and Treatment of Hirsutism
Moghetti, P. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-179-6_34 · Cited by 5
“Some studies reported that this drug might have favorable effects on visceral fat and on the lipid profile in patients with PCOS ( 22 ,23).”
BackgroundQiao, X., Wang, W., Cao, J., Guo, L., & Pan, Q. (2026) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.70100 · Cited by 4
Abdalla, M. A., Shah, N. Z., Deshmukh, H., Sahebkar, A., Östlundh, L., Al‐Rifai, R. H., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T. (2022) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-022-06549-6 · Cited by 4
“[93] Italy – 26·1 ± 4·5 40 – Metformin, flutamide, metformin + flutamide, placebo 6 months TT, FT, SHBG, DHEAS, A4”
A systematic review of the uses of metformin in dermatology
Raza, S., Al‐Niaimi, F., & Ali, F. R. (2022) · Clinical and Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1093/ced/llac027 · Cited by 4
Abdalla, M. A., Shah, N. Z., Deshmukh, H., Sahebkar, A., Östlundh, L., Al‐Rifai, R. H., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T. (2021) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14663 · Cited by 4
“BMI: 33·1 Gambineri et al.(84) RCT Italy N/A Age: 27·1 ± 3·6 Plac, metfo, flut, metf + flut 6 months FBG, FI, Wt, BMI, HOMA‐IR BMI: 37·6 ± 4·1 Ghandi et al.”
InfluentialDiamanti‐Kandarakis, E. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-310-3_32 · Cited by 4
Are steroid hormones and autistic traits affected by metformin? First insights from a pilot
Gasser, B. A., Escher, G., Calin, A.-E., Deppeler, M., Marchon, M., Kurz, J., & Mohaupt, M. G. (2023) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100196 · Cited by 3
Síndrome metabólico en ginecología
Vallejo, J. L., de Guevara, N. M. L., & Díaz-López, M. Á. (2009) · Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología · doi:10.1016/s0304-5013(09)70620-x · Cited by 3
Etiología del síndrome del ovario poliquístico
Escobar-Morreale, H. F. (2006) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/s1575-0922(06)71165-2 · Cited by 3
Hiperandrogenismo ovárico funcional y síndrome del ovario poliquístico en la adolescencia
Toda, L. I., & Potau, N. (2006) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/s1575-0922(06)71167-6 · Cited by 3
The Effect of Flutamide on Ovulation Induction in PCOS Patients.
Madani, T., Irani, S., Ashrafi, M., & Nabavi, M. A. (2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 3
Caring for women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Pereira, K. C., & Kreider, K. E. (2016) · The Nurse Practitioner · doi:10.1097/01.npr.0000480586.24537.64 · Cited by 3
“Because metformin will also lower testosterone levels, it can also be used (FDA off-label) to treat hyperandrogenism (although the clinical effect is not as impressive as OCPs or spironolactone).(35)”
BackgroundAl-Nimer, M. S. M. (2022) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v13.i5.417 · Cited by 2
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Metabolic Complications
Liao, E. P., & Poretsky, L. (2006) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-985-1_15 · Cited by 2
Mechanisms and Treatment of Obesity in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Pasquali, R., & Gambineri, A. (2008) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-108-6_14 · Cited by 2
“In a more recent randomized study performed to evaluate the efficacy of hypocaloric diet alone or associated with insulin sensitizers (metformin) or antiandrogens (flutamide) for a period of 6 months ( 97 ) in different groups of obese PCOS women, we found that although all groups improved fasting and glucose-stimulat…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMetabolic syndrome in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome
Panidis, D., Τζιόμαλος, Κ., & Papadakis, E. P. (2013) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1586/17446651.2013.853451 · Cited by 2
Noroozzadeh, M., Raoufy, M. R., Yarandi, R. B., Shahrivar, F. F., Moghimi, N., & Tehrani, F. R. (2020) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118394 · Cited by 2
Tratamiento del síndrome del ovario poliquístico con sensibilizantes a la insulina y antiandrógenos
Moghetti, P. (2006) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/s1575-0922(06)71169-x · Cited by 2
Baillargeon, J., & Farid, N. R. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09718-3_18 · Cited by 2
Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: recent trial results
Ganie, M. A., Chakraborty, S., & Rehman, H. (2015) · Clinical Investigation · doi:10.4155/cli.14.133 · Cited by 1
Adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome: pathophysiology and implications of the disease
Gupta, S., Chen, D. K., Chandra, A., Metterle, L., Kesavan, S., & Agarwal, A. K. (2009) · Cited by 1
(2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-431-5_4 · Cited by 1
AL-Nafakh, Z. M. (2022) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0066865 · Cited by 1
Síndrome del ovario poliquístico: nuevas perspectivas
Pazos, F., & Rodríguez-Caballero, A. (2004) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/s1575-0922(04)74657-4 · Cited by 1
Visceral fat and cardiovascular risk in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cascella, T., Palomba, S., Giallauria, F., de Sio, I., Colao, A., Lombardi, G., Orio, M., & Orio, F. (2009) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.09.55 · Cited by 1
Lifestyle Intervention in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Janssen, O. E., Tan, S., & Hahn, S. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-310-3_28 · Cited by 1
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the Metabolic Syndrome
Janssen, O. E., Tan, S., Dietz, T., & Hahn, S. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.3109/9780849379581-37 · Cited by 1
Abdalla, M. A., Shah, N. Z., Deshmukh, H., Sahebkar, A., Östlundh, L., Al‐Rifai, R. H., Atkin, S. L., & Sathyapalan, T. (2021) · Endocrine Abstracts · doi:10.1530/endoabs.77.p240 · Cited by 1
Pizzo, A., Borrielli, I., Raffone, E., Vaiarelli, A., & Stella, N. C. (2009)
Recommandations pour le diagnostic et le suivi du syndrome des ovaires polykystiques
Théron-Gérard, L., Cédrin‐Durnerin, I., & Hugues, J. (2008) · EMC - Gynécologie · doi:10.1016/s0246-1064(08)44358-x
Recomendaciones para el diagnóstico y el seguimiento del síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos
Théron-Gérard, L., Cédrin‐Durnerin, I., & Hugues, J. (2008) · EMC - Ginecología-Obstetricia · doi:10.1016/s1283-081x(08)70803-8
Smith, D. I., Tan, C. Y., & McKenna, T. J. (2007) · The Endocrinologist · doi:10.1097/ten.0b013e3181594271
TRATAMIENTO DEL SÍNDROME DE OVARIO POLIQUÍSTICO. ANTIANDRÓGENOS
Ablan, F., & Nottola, N. (2007) · Revista Venezolana de Endocrinología y Metabolismo
Les traitements anti-androgènes
Bachelot, A., Chabbert‐Buffet, N., Salenave, S., Kerlan, V., & Galand-Portier, M.-B. (2010) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2009.12.002
Metadata
- Authors
- Gambineri, A., Pelusi, C., Genghini, S., Morselli‐Labate, A. M., Cacciari, M., Pagotto, U., & Pasquali, R.
- Affiliations
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Pasquali, Renato
- Venue
- Clinical Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-01-16
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 241-249
- ISSN
- 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2265
- OpenAlex
- W2102239047
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 19.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, flutamide, metformin, hypocaloric diet, weight loss, androgen receptor antagonists, insulin sensitivity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, visceral fat, hirsutism, menstrual status, sex hormone-binding globulin, lipid profile, testosterone, combination therapy, adipose tissue
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Androgen Antagonists, Combined Modality Therapy, Diet, Reducing, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Flutamide, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Metformin, Obesity, Pilot Projects, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Single-Blind Method
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
