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Cited by 865Ovarian function and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsGenetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases

Metformin therapy in polycystic ovary syndrome reduces hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, and systolic blood pressure, while facilitating normal menses and pregnancy

Velazquez, E.M., Mendoza, Soaira, Hamer, Tracy, Sosa, Felix, Glueck, C.J.·1994·Metabolism
DOI 10.1016/0026-0495(94)90209-7
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Abstract

Using polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as a model of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism, our specific aim was to assess the effect of Metformin on lipoproteins, sex hormones, gonadotropins, and blood pressure in 26 women with PCOS who were studied at baseline, received Metformin 1.5 g/d for 8 weeks, and were then restudied. None of the women had normal menstrual cycles, 100% had multiple subcapsular follicules by pelvic ultrasound, 90% were hirsute, and 85% had high free testosterone. Comparing post-Metformin versus baseline levels, the Quetelet Index (QI) decreased 1.5% (P = .04) and the waist to hip ratio (WHR) decreased 2.8% (P = .003). After covariance adjusting for changes in the QI and WHR, on Metformin the area under the insulin curve (IA) during oral glucose tolerance testing decreased 35% (P = .04), and the insulin area to glucose area ratio decreased 31% (P = .03). On Metformin, covariance-adjusted systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased (P = .04) and apo A-1 increased (P = .05). On Metformin, with improvement in insulin sensitivity, there were sharp reductions in covariance-adjusted luteinizing hormone ([LH] P = .0007), total testosterone ([T] P = .0004), free T (P = .0001), androstenedione (P = .002), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ([DHEAS] P = .006), and the free androgen index ([FAI] P = .0005), with increments in follicle-stimulating hormone ([FSH] P = .04) and sex hormone-binding globulin ([SHBG] P = .04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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  • In a 1994 trial by Velazquez and colleagues, metformin 1.5 g per day for 8 weeks in 26 patients significantly improved systolic blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, androgen, FSH, and SHBG levels.

    “The first trial assessing a beneficial role of metformin has been published in 1994 by Velazquez and Colleagues [45] who described a significant improvement in systolic blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, androgen, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and SHBG levels after 8 weeks of therapy with metformin 1.5 g per day in 26 patients.”

    From From Prediabetes to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Lifestyle and Pharmacological Management (2020) · cites this paper as [45]

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Authors
Velazquez, E. M., Mendoza, S., Hamer, T., Sosa, F., & Glueck, C. J.
Affiliations
Universidad de Los Andes (VE)
Corresponding author
Glueck, C.J.
ORCID
Glueck, C.J.
Venue
Metabolism
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1994-05
Volume
43
Issue
5
Pages
647-654
ISSN
0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/0026-0495(94)90209-7
OpenAlex
W1985157643
Cited by
865
References
70
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 33
FWCI
19.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
Keywords
metformin, polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, free testosterone, free androgen index, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, systolic blood pressure, lipoproteins, apolipoprotein A-I, menstrual cycle, pregnancy
MeSH terms
Adult, Androgens, Anthropometry, Blood Pressure, Endocrine Glands, Female, Gonadotropins, Hormones, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Menstruation, Metformin, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Pregnancy, Reference Values, Systole

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