The DOI matches its Crossref record; 139 of the 139 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Immune regulation of central nervous system functions: from sickness responses to pathological pain
Abstract
Abstract.: Classically, the central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system are thought to operate independently of each other. This simplistic view has been corrected in recent years, first with the recognition that the brain dynamically modulates the immune system, and later with the reverse; that is, that the immune system modulates the CNS as well. The evidence that the immune system regulates CNS functions is first reviewed. This immune‐to‐brain communication pathway triggers the production of a constellation of CNS‐mediated phenomena, collectively referred to as ‘sickness responses’. These sickness responses are created by immune‐to‐brain signals activating CNS glia to release glial proinflammatory cytokines. The most recently recognized member of this constellation of changes is enhanced pain responsivity. The hypothesis is then developed that pathological, chronic pain may result from ‘tapping into’ this ancient survival‐oriented circuitry, including the activation of immune and glial cells and the release of immune/glial proinflammatory cytokines. This can occur at the level of peripheral nerves, dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord, and likely at higher brain areas. The implications of this model for human chronic pain syndromes and clinical resolution of these chronic pain states are then discussed.
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Cites
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Cited by
Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut-brain communication
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Mechanisms of neuropathic pain
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Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis
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Metadata
- Authors
- WATKINS, L. R., & MAIER, S. F.
- Venue
- Journal of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-01-17
- Volume
- 257
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 139-155
- ISSN
- 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2796
- OpenAlex
- W1982249239
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 139
- FWCI
- 15.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- WATKINS, L. R., & MAIER, S. F. (2005). Immune regulation of central nervous system functions: from sickness responses to pathological pain. Journal of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01443.x
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
