Standardised water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism?: Treatment of hypogonadism with Tongkat ali
Open accessAbstract
In most countries, millions of people are relying on herbal medicines as remedy for numerous ailments. In South-East Asia, Eurycoma longifolia Jack, also known as 'Malaysian ginseng' or Tongkat ali, is used to combat stress and disease and to improve physical strength. Moreover, the compounds of the roots of this plant are reported to have aphrodisiac and testosterone enhancing effects in the rat. Considering that human studies are not available, 76 of 320 patients suffering from late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) were given 200 mg of a standardised water-soluble extract of Tongkat ali for 1 month. The Ageing Males' Symptoms (AMS) according to the standardised rating scale and the serum testosterone concentration were taken. Results show that treatment of LOH patients with this Tongkat ali extract significantly (P < 0.0001) improved the AMS score as well as the serum testosterone concentration. While before treatment only 10.5% of the patients did not show any complaint according to the AMS scale and 35.5% had normal testosterone levels, after the completed treatment 71.7% and 90.8% of the patients showed normal values, respectively. Thus, Tongkat ali extract appears to be useful as a supplement in overcoming the symptoms of LOH and for the management of hypogonadism.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Tambi et al. showed that in patients with late-onset hypogonadism, daily intake of 200 mg E. longifolia extract for 4 weeks increased testosterone levels.
“Tambi et al. showed that in patients with late-onset hypogonadism, daily intake of 200 mg E. longifolia extract for 4 weeks increased testosterone levels.[Citation83]”
From Ergogenic properties, safety evaluation and regulations of selected ingredients in testosterone booster dietary supplements (2024) · cites this paper as [83]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Medicinal plants of South Africa
Wyk, B.-E. V., Oudtshoorn, B. V., & Gericke, N. (1997) · Cited by 928 · see citing works
Investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males
Wang, C., Nieschlag, E., Swerdloff, R., Behre, H. M., Hellstrom, W. J., Gooren, L. J., Kaufman, J. M., Legros, J.-J., Lunenfeld, B., Morales, A., et al. (2008) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-08-0601 · Cited by 867 · see citing works
Medicinal Plants of South Africa
Schmid, R., Wyk, B.-E. V., Oudtshoorn, B. V., & Gericke, N. (1998) · Taxon · doi:10.2307/1223627 · Cited by 736 · see citing works
A new ‘aging males’ symptoms' rating scale
Heinemann, L. A. J., Zimmermann, T. P., Vermeulen, A., Thiel, C., & Hummel, W. (1999) · The Aging Male · doi:10.3109/13685539909003173 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
The role of complementary and alternative medicine
Ernst, E. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7269.1133 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack): A review on its ethnobotany and pharmacological importance
Bhat, R., & Karim, A. A. (2010) · Fitoterapia · doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2010.04.006 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
The aphrodisiac and adaptogenic properties of ginseng
Nocerino, E., Amato, M., & Izzo, A. A. (2000) · Fitoterapia · doi:10.1016/s0367-326x(00)00170-2 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Gonzales, G. F., Cordova, A., Vega, K., Chung, A., Villena, A., Gonez, C., & Castillo, S. (2002) · Andrologia · doi:10.1046/j.1439-0272.2002.00519.x · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Valerio, L. G., & Gonzales, G. F. (2005) · Toxicological Reviews · doi:10.2165/00139709-200524010-00002 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Medicinal Plants from Peru: A Review of Plants as Potential Agents Against Cancer
Gonzales, G. F., & Valerio, L. G. (2006) · Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/187152006778226486 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Squalene derivatives from Eurycoma longifolia
Morita, H., Kishi, E., Takeya, K., Itokawa, H., & Iitaka, Y. (1993) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/0031-9422(93)85356-v · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Zanoli, P., Zavatti, M., Montanari, C., & Baraldi, M. (2009) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.021 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Eurycoma longifolia Jack in managing idiopathic male infertility
Tambi, M. I. B. M., & Musa, K. I. (2010) · Asian Journal of Andrology · doi:10.1038/aja.2010.7 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationQuassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia
Ang, H. H., Hitotsuyanagi, Y., Fukaya, H., & Takeya, K. (2002) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00480-0 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Nutrients and botanicals for erectile dysfunction: examining the evidence.
McKay, D. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats
Ang, H. H., Ngai, T. H., & Tan, T. H. (2003) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1078/094471103322331881 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Ang, H. H., Cheang, H. S., & Yusof, A. P. M. (2000) · EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS · doi:10.1538/expanim.49.35 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Eurycomaoside: A New Quassinoid-Type Glycoside from the Roots of Eurycoma longifolia
Bedіr, E., Abou‐Gazar, H., Ngwendson, J. N., & Khan, I. A. (2003) · Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/cpb.51.1301 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Ang, H. H., & Ngai, T. H. (2001) · Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-8206.2001.00038.x · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Eurycoma longifolia Jack Enhances Libido in Sexually Experienced Male Rats.
Ang, H. H., & Sim, M. K. (1997) · EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS · doi:10.1538/expanim.46.287 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Eurycoma longifolia JACK and Orientation Activities in Sexually Experienced Male Rats.
Ang, H. H., & Sim, M. K. (1998) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/bpb.21.153 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Asian traditional medicine for erectile dysfunction
Low, W. Y., & Tan, H. M. (2007) · The Journal of Men s Health and Gender · doi:10.1016/j.jmhg.2007.05.010 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
DETERMINATION OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDE (4.3 KDA) AS AN APHRODISIAC MARKER IN SIX MALAYSIAN PLANTS
Asiah, O., Nurhanan, M. Y., Ilham, A. M., et al. (2007) · JOURNAL OF TROPICAL FOREST SCIENCE · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Eurycoma longifolia increases sexual motivation in sexually naive male rats
Ang, H. H., & Sim, M. K. (1998) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/bf02976776 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on orientation activities in middle‐aged male rats
Ang, H. H., & Lee, K. L. (2002) · Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.00106.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
WOLFROM, M. L., & Bhat, H. B. (1965) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)86247-0 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Mosby's handbook of herbs and supplements and their therapeutic uses
Bratman, S., & Girman, A. M. (2003) · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Jockenhövel, F. (2004) · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Reinvestigation of the Chemical Constituents of Eurycoma Longifolia
Lin, L., Peng, C.-Y., Wang, H.-S., Lee, K.-W., & Wang, P. S. (2001) · Zhōnghuá yàoxué zázhì · doi:10.7019/cpj.200104.0097 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mosby's Handbook of Herbs and Supplements and their Therapeutic Uses
Ernst, E. K. (2003) · Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7166.2003.tb03767.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Ali JM, Saad JM (1993) Biochemical effect of Eurycoma Longi- folia Jack on the sexual behavior, fertility, sex hormone and glycolysis [Dissertation]. Department of Biochemistry, University of Malaya.
- Perry LM, Metzger J (1980) Medicinal Plants of Southeast Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ismail, S. B., Wan Mohammad, W. M. Z., George, A., Nik Hussain, N. H., Musthapa Kamal, Z. M., & Liske, E. (2012) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2012/429268 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Mohd Effendy, N., Mohamed, N., Muhammad, N., Naina Mohamad, I., & Shuid, A. N. (2012) · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2012/125761 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Li, C.-H., Liao, J.-W., Liao, P.-L., Huang, W.-K., Tse, L.-S., Lin, C.-H., Kang, J.-J., & Cheng, Y.-W. (2013) · Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2013/102987 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Leitão, A. E., Vieira, M. C. D. S., Pelegrini, A., da Silva, E. L., & Guimarães, A. C. D. A. (2021) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.12.002 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Testosterone Boosters Intake in Athletes: Current Evidence and Further Directions
Lazarev, A., & Bezuglov, E. (2021) · Endocrines · doi:10.3390/endocrines2020011 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The effect of <i>Eurycoma Longifolia</i> on the regulation of reproductive hormones in young males
Chan, K. Q., Stewart, C., Chester, N., Hamzah, S. H., & Yusof, A. (2021) · Andrologia · doi:10.1111/and.14001 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Jędrejko, K., Lazarev, A., Jędrejko, M., & Muszyńska, B. (2024) · Food Reviews International · doi:10.1080/87559129.2023.2238055 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A systematic appraisal of emerging alternative therapies in men’s health and wellness
Qaoud, Y., Morcos, M., Macdonald, M., Shoeib, A., Qureshi, Y., Mak, M., Ross, A., Vigil, H., & Witherspoon, L. (2025) · Canadian Urological Association Journal · doi:10.5489/cuaj.9368 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tambi, M. I. B. M., Imran, M. K., & Henkel, R. R.
- Affiliations
- Universiti Sains Malaysia (MY)
- University of the Western Cape (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Tambi, M. I. B. M.
- ORCID
- Henkel, R. R.
- Venue
- Andrologia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-06-15
- Volume
- 44
- Pages
- 226-230
- ISSN
- 0303-4569 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1493774181
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Andrologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Keywords
- Eurycoma longifolia, andropause, testosterone, herbal medicine, water-soluble extract, serum testosterone, male sexual health, aphrodisiac effect
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Humans, Hypogonadism, Male, Plant Extracts, Testosterone, Water, Eurycoma
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
