Untersuchungen über die Wanderung und Streuung der Larven von Toxocara canis WERNER 1782 (Anisakidae) im definitiven Wirt (Beagle) nach Erst‐ und Reinfektion
Abstract
Zusammenfassung Die vorliegenden Untersuchungen erfolgten mit der Zielsetzung, den Einfluß sich ausbildender und bestehender Immunität des Wirtes auf die Wanderung und Streuung der Larven von Toxocara canis im Hund zu erfassen. Dazu wurden in getrennten Versuchsreihen der Umfang und Ablauf der Larvenausscheidung mit der Milch und die Zahl somatischer Larven in verschiedenen Organen von Muttertieren nach Erst- und Reinfektion bei einmaliger wie auch fraktionierter Gabe von Infektionsstadien ermittelt. Begleitende hämatologische und serologische Untersuchungen sollten Hinweise auf Ort, Art und zeitlichen Ablauf der Immunreaktion im Tier geben. Es wurden u. a. folgende Ergebnisse erzielt: 1 Nach Erstinfektion bei einmaliger Gabe der Infektionsstadien war die Larvenausscheidung mit der Milch und die Zahl somatischer Larven in peripheren Organen der Tiere signifikant größer als nach fraktionierter Erstinfektion oder nach Reinfektion. 2 Von fraktioniert infizierten Tieren wurden signifikant weniger Larven mit der Milch eliminiert als von in gleicher Weise und Stärke erstmalig infizierten Hündinnen. Die Zahl somatischer Larven in peripheren Organen der Tiere differierte jedoch nach fraktionierter Erst- und Reinfektion nur unwesentlich. 3 Bei allen Tieren kam es während der arttypischen Wanderung der Larven von Toxocara canis zu einem Aktivitätsanstieg der leberspezifischen Enzyme ALT und GLDH wie auch der Zahl eosinophiler Granulozyten. Ihre Werte waren nach Reinfektion weniger stark erhöht als nach Erstinfektion. 4 Antikörper gegen Larven von Toxocara canis konnten mit dem IFAT und dem ELISA bei allen Hündinnen erst nach experimenteller Infektion nachgewiesen werden. Nach Reinfektion stiegen die Titer bei sämtlichen Tieren innerhalb von 14 Tagen um mindestens eine Stufe. 5 Nach Reinfektion kam es bei allen Hündinnen zu katarrhalisch-hämorrhagischer Enteritis und Inappetenz. Mit zeitlicher Verzögerung und in abgeschwächter Form traten solche Erscheinungen auch bei Tieren nach Erstinfektion bei fraktionierter Applikation der Infektionsstadien auf. Die erhobenen Befunde ließen in ihrer Gesamtheit vermuten, daß bei bestehender Immunität die Einwanderung der Larven von Toxocara canis in den Organismus durch am Darm ablaufende entzündlich-allergische Prozesse begrenzt wird. Summary Studies on the migration and distribution of larvae of Toxocara canis Werner 1782 (Anisakidae) in the definitive host (Beagle) after primary and reinfection The objective of these studies was to investigate the developing and existing immunity of the host and its influence on the migration and spread of the larvae of Toxocara canis in the dog. Separate studies were made of the extent and course of larval excretion with the milk and the number of somatic larvae in various organs of the dam after initial and reinfection after single and also fractionated doses of the infective stage of the parasite. Accompanying histological and serological studies were made on the location, nature and time relations of the immune reaction in the host. The following are the results of the studies: 1 After first infection with a single dose of infective larvae the excretion of larvae in the milk and the numbers of somatic larvae in the peripheral organs were significantly greater than after fractionated dosage or reinfection. 2 In animals given fractionated dosage, significantly fewer larvae were eliminated in the milk than in bitches receiving a single dose of the same size. The number of somatic larvae in peripheral organs of animals was very similar in fractionated first infection and reinfection. 3 In all the animals, during the migration that is typical of T. canis larvae there occurred increased activity of the liver-specific enzymes ALT and GLDH and, in addition, the number of eosinophil leucocytes increased. The values reached were lower in reinfection than with the primary infection. 4 Antibodies against T. canis larvae could be demonstrated with the IFAT and the ELISA in all the bitches after the experimental infection. After reinfection, the titres of all the dogs rose by at least one step within 14 days. 5 After reinfection, all the bitches showed a catarrhal-haemorrhagic enteritis and inappetence. After some delay and somewhat milder in form, the same effects were seen after fractionated dosage. The above findings suggest that with existing immunity the migration of the larvae of T. canis within the dog is limited to inflammatory-allergic processes occurring within the intestine. Résumé Recherches sur la migration et la dispersion des larves de Toxocara canis Werner 1782 (Anisakidae) chez l'hôte définitif (Beagle) après une primoinfection et une réinfection Les recherches ont été faites dans le lait de déterminer chez le chien l'influence d'une immunité en formation ou existante de l'hôte sur la migration et la dispersion des larves de Toxocara canis. Différentes séries d'essais ont permis d'obtenir l'extension et le déroulement de l'excrétion des
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When mobilized larvae are transmitted via the lactogenic route, litters can also be infected by colostrum and milk for at least 38 days after delivery.
“When mobilized larvae are transmitted via the lactogenic route litters can also be infected by colostrum and milk for at least 38 days after delivery [12,13].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Zimmermann, U., Löwenstein, M. D., & Stoye, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Zimmermann, Ursula
- Venue
- Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1985-01-12
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 1-10
- Pages
- 1-28
- ISSN
- 0514-7166 (ISSN-L)
- 0931-2021
- OpenAlex
- W2166347924
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 5.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
- Keywords
- Toxocara canis, canine toxocariasis, larval migration, larval dispersal, definitive host, dogs, primary infection, reinfection, maternal immunity, ALT, glutamate dehydrogenase, eosinophils, antibody response, IgG, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin M
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Ascariasis, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Female, Larva, Milk, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Puerperal Infection, Recurrence, Toxocara, Toxocariasis
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