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Cited by 133Helminth infection and controlParasitic infections in humans and animalsParasites and Host Interactions

Ascarid Infections of Cats and Dogs

Parsons, Jim C.·1987·Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice
DOI 10.1016/s0195-5616(87)50004-3
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Abstract

The ascarids Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, and Toxascaris leonina are probably the most common gastrointestinal helminths encountered in small animal practice. Both T. canis and T. cati can cause serious disease in kittens and puppies; T. leonina is generally less pathogenic. Prenatal transmission assures that virtually all puppies are born infected with T. canis. Transmammary transmission is probably the major route of infection for kittens with T. cati. In addition, all three species of worm produce resistant eggs and use paratenic hosts to facilitate transmission. Much is now known about the complex biology and life history of T. canis. However, many questions, such as those concerning the mechanisms of larval survival within host tissues and of larval reactivation and migration during pregnancy, await further study. The mechanism of resistance to ascarid infections in cats and dogs has not been clearly defined. Ascariasis is traditionally thought to be a disease of young animals, with older animals being considered immune. However, at least in the case of T. canis, adult dogs can be repeatedly infected. A wide range of anthelmintics is available with extremely high efficacy against patent ascarid infections. The problem of prenatal infection with T. canis may be overcome by strategic use of the newer benzimidazole-carbamates, and the production of ascarid-free puppies now seems possible. However, complete larvicidal activity against somatic stages has not been convincingly demonstrated. Visceral larva migrans-like syndromes are now being recognized in dogs and cats. In addition, visceral larva migrans in children due to T. canis continues to be a significant zoonotic disease in North America and underscores the need for the veterinary profession to control ascarid infections in cats and dogs at every opportunity.

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  • Kittens start to shed T. cati eggs after about 7-8 weeks post infection.

    “while kittens start to shed T. cati eggs after about 7–8 weeks post infection [13,19,20].”

    From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [19]

  • The prepatent period for toxocarosis by T. canis is at minimum 4-5 weeks after ingestion of embryonated eggs or resting larvae, and 2-3 weeks for prenatal infections.

    “The prepatent period for toxocarosis by T. canis is at minimum 4–5 weeks after ingestion of embryonated eggs or resting larvae, and 2–3 weeks for prenatal infections”

    From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [19]

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Authors
Parsons, J. C.
Affiliations
Colorado State University (US)
Corresponding author
Parsons, Jim C.
Venue
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1987-11
Volume
17
Issue
6
Pages
1307-1339
ISSN
0195-5616 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0195-5616(87)50004-3
OpenAlex
W2091516668
Cited by
133
References
134
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 10
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Parasites and Host Interactions
Keywords
Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, ascariasis, gastrointestinal helminths, cats, dogs, prenatal transmission, transmammary transmission, paratenic hosts, larval migration, larval survival, anthelmintics, benzimidazole carbamates, visceral larva migrans, zoonoses, kittens, puppies
MeSH terms
Animals, Ascariasis, Cat Diseases, Cats, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Humans, Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic, Larva Migrans, Visceral, Nematode Infections, Toxocariasis

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