Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 164

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Testing Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis in the Azores: Predicting invasiveness in the Azores

Schaefer, Hanno, Hardy, Olivier J., Silva, Luís, Barraclough, Timothy G., Savolainen, Vincent·2011·Ecology Letters
DOI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01600.x
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Invasive species are a threat for ecosystems worldwide, especially oceanic islands. Predicting the invasive potential of introduced species remains difficult, and only a few studies have found traits correlated to invasiveness. We produced a molecular phylogenetic dataset and an ecological trait database for the entire Azorean flora and find that the phylogenetic nearest neighbour distance (PNND), a measure of evolutionary relatedness, is significantly correlated with invasiveness. We show that introduced plant species are more likely to become invasive in the absence of closely related species in the native flora of the Azores, verifying Darwin's 'naturalization hypothesis'. In addition, we find that some ecological traits (especially life form and seed size) also have predictive power on invasive success in the Azores. Therefore, we suggest a combination of PNND with ecological trait values as a universal predictor of invasiveness that takes into account characteristics of both introduced species and receiving ecosystem.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01600.x

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 1 references

Research works printed but not linked: 47

  1. Agrawal, 2005, Enemy release? An experiment with congeneric plant pairs and diverse above- and belowground enemies, Ecology, 86, 2979, 10.1890/05-0219 · doi:10.1890/05-0219
  2. Aliscioni, 2003, A molecular phylogeny of Panicum (Poaceae: paniceae): tests of monophyly and phylogenetic placement within the Panicoideae, Am. J. Bot., 90, 796, 10.3732/ajb.90.5.796 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Asner, 2008, Invasive plants transform the three-dimensional structure of rain forests, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105, 4519, 10.1073/pnas.0710811105 · DOI · Paper page
  4. Bernays, 1994, Host-Plant Selection by Phytophagous Insects, 10.1007/b102508 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Blumenthal, 2009, Synergy between pathogen release and resource availability in plant invasion, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, 7899, 10.1073/pnas.0812607106 · DOI · Paper page
  6. 2010, A List of the Terrestrial and Marine Biota From the Azores
  7. Carine, 2010, The Azorean diversity enigma: why are there so few Azorean endemic flowering plants and why are they so widespread?, J. Biogeogr., 37, 77, 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02181.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02181.x
  8. Daehler, 1998, The taxonomic distribution of invasive angiosperm plants: ecological insights and comparison to agricultural weeds, Biol. Conserv., 84, 167, 10.1016/S0006-3207(97)00096-7 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Daehler, 2001, Darwin’s naturalisation hypothesis revisited, Am. Nat., 158, 324, 10.1086/321316 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Darwin, 1859, The Origin of Species
  11. Diez, 2008, Darwin’s naturalisation conundrum: dissecting taxonomic patterns of species invasions, Ecol. Lett., 11, 1, 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01178.x · DOI · Paper page
  12. Diez, 2009, Learning from failures: testing broad taxonomic hypotheses about plant naturalization, Ecol. Lett., 12, 1174, 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x · DOI
  13. Downie, 2000, Molecular systematics of Old World Apioideae (Apiaceae): relationships among some members of tribe Peucedaneae sensu lato, the placement of several island-endemic species, and resolution within the apioid superclade, Can. J. Bot., 78, 506, 10.1139/cjb-78-4-506 · doi:10.1139/cjb-78-4-506
  14. Drummond, 2007, BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees, BMC Evol. Biol., 7, 10.1186/1471-2148-7-214 · DOI · Paper page
  15. Drummond, 2010, Geneious v5.0.4
  16. Duncan, 2002, Darwin’s naturalisation hypothesis challenged, Nature, 417, 608, 10.1038/417608a · doi:10.1038/417608a
  17. Elton, 1958, The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants, 10.1007/978-1-4899-7214-9 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Gurevitch, 2004, Are invasive species a major cause of extinctions?, TREE, 19, 470
  19. Hawkes, 2007, Are invaders moving targets? The generality and persistence of advantages in size, reproduction, and enemy release in invasive plant species with time since introduction, Am. Nat., 170, 832, 10.1086/522842 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Hayes, 2008, Are there any consistent predictors of invasion success?, Biol. Invasions, 10, 483, 10.1007/s10530-007-9146-5 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Humphreys, 2009, Concept versus data in delimitation of plant genera, Taxon, 58, 1054, 10.1002/tax.584002 · DOI
  22. Katoh, 2005, MAFFT vs. 5: improvement in accuracy of multiple sequence alignment, Nucleic Acids Res., 33, 511, 10.1093/nar/gki198 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Keane, 2002, Exotic plant invasions and the enemy release hypothesis, TREE, 17, 164
  24. Kueffer, 2010, A global comparison of plant invasions on oceanic islands, Perspect. Plant. Ecol. Evol. Syst., 12, 145, 10.1016/j.ppees.2009.06.002 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Lambdon, 2006, How strongly do interactions with closely-related native species influence plant invasions? Darwin s naturalization hypothesis assessed on Mediterranean islands, J. Biogeogr., 33, 1116, 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01486.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01486.x
  26. Lockwood, 2005, The role of propagule pressure in explaining species invasions, TREE, 20, 223
  27. Mitchell, 2003, Release of invasive plants from fungal and viral pathogens, Nature, 421, 625, 10.1038/nature01317 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Mooney, 2001, The evolutionary impact of invasive species, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 5446, 10.1073/pnas.091093398 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Olmstead, 1992, Monophyly of the Asteridae and identification of their major lineages inferred from DNA sequences of rbcL, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard., 79, 249, 10.2307/2399768 · doi:10.2307/2399768
  30. Pheloung, 1999, A weed risk assessment model for use as a biosecurity tool evaluating plant introductions, J. Environ. Manage., 57, 239, 10.1006/jema.1999.0297 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Posada, 2008, jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging, Mol. Biol. Evol., 25, 1253, 10.1093/molbev/msn083 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Proches, 2008, Searching for phylogenetic pattern in biological invasions, Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr., 17, 5, 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2007.00333.x · DOI · Paper page
  33. Pyšek, 2007, Biological Invasions, 97, 10.1007/978-3-540-36920-2_7 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Pyšek, 2004, Alien plants in checklists and floras: towards better communication between taxonomists and ecologists, Taxon, 53, 131, 10.2307/4135498 · DOI · Paper page
  35. R Development Core Team, 2010, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
  36. Rejmánek, 1996, A theory of seed plant invasiveness: the first sketch, Biol. Conserv., 78, 171, 10.1016/0006-3207(96)00026-2 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Richardson, 2000a, Plant invasions - the role of mutualism, Biol. Rev., 75, 65, 10.1017/S0006323199005435 · doi:10.1017/s0006323199005435 · Paper page
  38. Richardson, 2000b, Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions, Divers. Distrib., 6, 93, 10.1046/j.1472-4642.2000.00083.x · DOI · Paper page
  39. Schaefer, 2003, Chorology and diversity of the Azorean flora, Diss. Bot., 374, 1
  40. Schaefer, 2011, Phylogenetic relationships in the order Cucurbitales and a new classification of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae), Taxon, 10.1002/tax.601011 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Silva, 2004, A characterization of the non-indigenous flora of the Azores archipelago, Biol. Inv., 6, 193, 10.1023/B:BINV.0000022138.75673.8c · doi:10.1023/b:binv.0000022138.75673.8c
  42. Stamatakis, 2008, A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML web servers, Syst. Biol., 75, 758, 10.1080/10635150802429642 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Strauss, 2006, Exotic taxa less related to native species are more invasive, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, 5841, 10.1073/pnas.0508073103 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Sungkaew, 2009, Non-monophyly of the woody bamboos (Bambuseae; Poaceae): a multi-gene region phylogenetic analysis of the Bambusoideae s.s, J. Plant. Res., 122, 95, 10.1007/s10265-008-0192-6 · doi:10.1007/s10265-008-0192-6
  45. Van Kleunen, 2010, A meta-analysis of trait differences between invasive and non-invasive plant species, Ecol. Lett., 13, 235, 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01418.x · DOI · Paper page
  46. Wardle, 2002, Linkages between plant litter decomposition, litter quality, and vegetation responses to herbivores, Funct. Ecol., 16, 585, 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00659.x · DOI · Paper page
  47. Webb , C.O. Ackerly , D.D. Kembel , S.W. 2008 Phylocom : software for the analysis of phylogenetic community structure and trait evolution Bioinformatics 24 2098 2100 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 164

Metadata

Authors
Schaefer, H., Hardy, O. J., Silva, L., Barraclough, T. G., & Savolainen, V.
Venue
Ecology Letters
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2011-02-15
Volume
14
Issue
4
Pages
389-396
ISSN
1461-023X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01600.x
OpenAlex
W2115062971
Cited by
164
References
1
FWCI
10.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 1659 d)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Testing Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis in the Azores: Predicting invasiveness in the Azores. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01600.x
The paper
Schaefer, H., Hardy, O. J., Silva, L., Barraclough, T. G., & Savolainen, V. (2011). Testing Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis in the Azores: Predicting invasiveness in the Azores. Ecology Letters. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01600.x

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.