Mycobacterial survival strategies in the phagosome: defence against host stresses
Open accessAbstract
Infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis remain a major cause of disease and death in humans. Among the factors that contribute to M. tuberculosis's success as a pathogen is its ability to withstand potentially bactericidal host defences and to resist elimination by an activated immune system. This resistance to killing by the host is in part due to the low permeability of the mycobacterial cell envelope for many toxic molecules. In addition, it depends upon the detoxification of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen molecules produced by the host, the repair of the damage these molecules cause and maintenance of a neutral intrabacterial pH within acidic environments. The latter three mechanisms are the focus of this review.
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Mutations or polymorphisms in the human NOS2 or NOX2 genes are associated with an increased susceptibility to or a more severe course of tuberculosis.
“It has also been observed that both mutations or polymorphisms in the humans NOS2 or NOX2 genes are associated with an increased susceptibility to or a more severe course of tuberculosis (74, 75).”
From Macrophage defense mechanisms against intracellular bacteria (2015) · cites this paper as [74]
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- Metchnikoff E 1905 Immunity to Infective Disease Cambridge, London, New York Cambridge University Press
- Nathan CF Ehrt S 2004 Nitric Oxide in Tuberculosis Tuberculosis 2 Philadelphia Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
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“…ability to survive host defenses is directly responsible for the large reservoir of infected people, whereas its ability to subvert bactericidal mechanisms 1296 Cell 155, 1296–1308, December 5, 2013 ª2013 Elsevier Inc. allows it to replicate in vivo and cause disease (Ehrt and Schnappinger, 2009).”
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- Authors
- Ehrt, S., & Schnappinger, D.
- Affiliations
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Cellular Microbiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1170-1178
- ISSN
- 1462-5814 (ISSN-L)
- 1462-5822
- PMC
- PMC3170014
- OpenAlex
- W1972269365
- Cited by
- 448
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 39
- FWCI
- 2.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cellular Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Wellcome Trust
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI057443, R01AI057443, AI081725, R01AI063446, AI063446, R01AI081725)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Keywords
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis, phagosome, bacterial survival strategies, host defense evasion, reactive oxygen species scavenging, host-pathogen interaction, phagocytosis
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phagosomes, Tuberculosis, Virulence, Bacterial Capsules, Oxidative Stress, Reactive Nitrogen Species, Host-Pathogen Interactions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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