The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Why Do People Hurt Themselves?: New Insights Into the Nature and Functions of Self-Injury
Open accessAbstract
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent but perplexing behavior problem in which people deliberately harm themselves without lethal intent. Research reveals that NSSI typically has its onset during early adolescence; most often involves cutting or carving the skin; and appears equally prevalent across sexes, ethnicities, and socioeconomic statuses. Less is known about why people engage in NSSI. This article presents a theoretical model of the development and maintenance of NSSI. Rather than a symptom of mental disorder, NSSI is conceptualized as a harmful behavior that can serve several intrapersonal (e.g., affect regulation) and interpersonal (e.g., help-seeking) functions. Risk of NSSI is increased by general factors that contribute to problems with affect regulation or interpersonal communication (e.g., childhood abuse) and by specific factors that influence the decision to use NSSI rather than some other behavior to serve these functions (e.g., social modeling). This model synthesizes research from several different areas of the literature and points toward several lines of research needed to further advance the understanding of why people hurt themselves.
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Cites
Hayes, S. C., Wilson, K. G., Gifford, E. V., Follette, V. M., & Strosahl, K. (1996) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.64.6.1152 · Cited by 3,595
Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: Diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts
NOCK, M., JOINERJR, T., GORDON, K., LLOYDRICHARDSON, E., & PRINSTEIN, M. (2006) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.05.010 · Cited by 1,617
Self-citationA Functional Approach to the Assessment of Self-Mutilative Behavior.
Nock, M. K., & Prinstein, M. J. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.5.885 · Cited by 1,536
Self-citationThe Evolution of Communication
(2016) · Creating Media for Learning: Student-Centered Projects Across the Curriculum · doi:10.4135/9781483395203.n2 · Cited by 1,173
THE FUNCTIONS OF SELF‐INJURIOUS BEHAVIOR: AN EXPERIMENTAL‐EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Iwata, B. A., Pace, G. M., Dorsey, M. F., Zarcone, J. R., Vollmer, T. R., Smith, R. G., Rodgers, T. A., Lerman, D. C., Shore, B. A., Mazaleski, J. L., et al. (1994) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1994.27-215 · Cited by 838
The Evolution of Communication
Hauser, M. D. (1996) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/2867.001.0001 · Cited by 771
Contextual Features and Behavioral Functions of Self-Mutilation Among Adolescents.
Nock, M. K., & Prinstein, M. J. (2005) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.1.140 · Cited by 724
Self-citationJacobson, C. M., & Gould, M. (2007) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811110701247602 · Cited by 690
Nock, M. K., Wedig, M. M., Holmberg, E. B., & Hooley, J. M. (2008) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2007.05.005 · Cited by 614
Self-citationNock, M. K., & Mendes, W. B. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.1.28 · Cited by 572 · cited 3×
“Self-injurers also elect to discontinue/escape this task significantly sooner than non-injurers (Nock & Mendes, 2008), and report greater efforts to suppress aversive thoughts and feelings in their everyday life (Najmi, Wegner, & Nock, 2007).”
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- 10.1037/0021-843X.104.3.471 · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.104.3.471 · Paper page
- 10.1037/0022-006X.64.6.1152 · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.64.6.1152 · Paper page
Cited by
Nock, M. K. (2010) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131258 · Cited by 1,550
Self-citationEmotion Regulation and Psychopathology
Sheppes, G., Suri, G., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112739 · Cited by 1,214
A meta-analysis of the prevalence of different functions of non-suicidal self-injury
Taylor, P. J., Jomar, K., Dhingra, K., Forrester, R., Shahmalak, U., & Dickson, J. M. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.073 · Cited by 758
Nock, M. K., Prinstein, M. J., & Sterba, S. K. (2009) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016948 · Cited by 662
Self-citationMeasuring the Suicidal Mind: Implicit Cognition Predicts Suicidal Behavior
Nock, M. K., Park, J. M., Finn, C. T., Deliberto, T. L., Dour, H. J., & Banaji, M. R. (2010) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797610364762 · Cited by 624
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nock, M. K.
- Venue
- Current Directions in Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 78-83
- ISSN
- 0963-7214 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8721
- OpenAlex
- W2115891951
- Cited by
- 1,234
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 26.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
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- Nock, M. K. (2009). Why Do People Hurt Themselves?: New Insights Into the Nature and Functions of Self-Injury. Current Directions in Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01613.x
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
