Physiological arousal, distress tolerance, and social problem-solving deficits among adolescent self-injurers
Open accessAbstract
It has been suggested that people engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) because they (a) experience heightened physiological arousal following stressful events and use NSSI to regulate experienced distress and (b) have deficits in their social problem-solving skills that interfere with the performance of more adaptive social responses. However, objective physiological and behavioral data supporting this model are lacking. The authors compared adolescent self-injurers (n = 62) with noninjurers (n = 30) and found that self-injurers showed higher physiological reactivity (skin conductance) during a distressing task, a poorer ability to tolerate this distress, and deficits in several social problem-solving abilities. These findings highlight the importance of attending to increased arousal, distress tolerance, and problem-solving skills in the assessment and treatment of NSSI.
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NSSI research reveals ACC structural alterations and disruptions in amygdala and ACC connectivity, which contribute to hyperarousal and reduced impulse control, central features of NSSI.
“By contrast, NSSI research reveals ACC structural alterations (64, 69) as well as disruptions in amygdala and ACC connectivity (96), which contributes to hyperarousal and reduced impulse control—central features of NSSI (110, 111).”
From Neural correlates associated with suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury in youth (2021) · cites this paper as [110]
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- Authors
- Nock, M. K., & Mendes, W. B.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2008-02
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-38
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2060959954
- Cited by
- 572
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 46
- FWCI
- 30.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- nrs.harvard.edu
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH076047)
- Milton Fund
- Harvard University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- non-suicidal self-injury, adolescents, physiological arousal, distress tolerance, social problem solving, skin conductance, physiological reactivity, stress response, self-regulation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Arousal, Child, Emotions, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Personality Assessment, Problem Solving, Social Behavior, Self-Injurious Behavior
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