Listening to Nicotine: Negative Affect and the Smoking Withdrawal Conundrum
Abstract
In recent years, theoretical models of drug motivation and drug dependence have downplayed the role of withdrawal symptoms in the maintenance of addiction During this same period, strong links between drug use and measures of negative affect have been uncovered in empirical research In this article we examine these trends in the context of research on smoking Evidence is presented from two recent studies on smoking relapse that highlight the intimate connection between withdrawal symptomatology and negative affect Specifically, these studies reveal that (a) single-occasion measures of withdrawal symptoms or other markers of physical dependence do not contribute incremental validity in predicting relapse relative to measures of negative affect, (b) the trajectory of withdrawal symptoms is highly idiosyncratic, (c) exacerbations cannot be tightly coupled with pharmacological events, (d) the temporal dynamics of withdrawal reflect fluctuations in negative affect, and (e) differences in the trajectory of withdrawal symptoms index relapse vulnerability We conclude that a broadened view of withdrawal recognizing its probable affective bases will enhance its explanatory power and suggest new treatment strategies
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Sum scores from the three withdrawal questions and four POMS Negative Affect items were correlated 0.79 and were thus summed to produce a single withdrawal/NA scale.
“Sum scores from the three withdrawal questions and four POMS Negative Affect items were correlated 0.79 and were thus summed to produce a single withdrawal/NA scale (Piasecki, Kenford, Smith, Fiore, & Baker, 1997).”
From Modeling naturalistic craving, withdrawal, and affect during early nicotine abstinence: A pilot ecological momentary assessment study. (2015) · cites this paper as Piasecki, Kenford, Smith, Fiore, & Baker, 1997
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- Authors
- Piasecki, T. M., Kenford, S. L., Smith, S. S., Fiore, M. C., & Baker, T. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-05
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 184-189
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- OpenAlex
- W2068823897
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Keywords
- nicotine withdrawal, negative affect, smoking relapse, addiction maintenance, drug addiction, relapse vulnerability, physical dependence, tobacco dependence treatment
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