Age Stereotypes Held Earlier in Life Predict Cardiovascular Events in Later Life
Open accessAbstract
When older individuals apply negative age stereotypes to themselves, they can adversely influence a wide range of outcomes (Levy, Slade, Kunkel, & Kasl, 2002). These outcomes include a greater cardiovascular response to stress and worse health behaviors, such as higher tobacco use (Levy, Hausdorff, Hencke, & Wei, 2000; Levy & Myers, 2004), both of which have been linked to the risk of cardiovascular events (Jiang et al., 1996).
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These patterns persist when the effects of age on health are taken into account.
“Moreover, these patterns persist when the effects of age on health are taken into account.”
From Centering Age Inequality: Developing a Sociology-of-Age Framework (2022) · cites this paper as Levy et al. 2009
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Longevity increased by positive self-perceptions of aging
Levy, B. R., Slade, M. D., Kunkel, S. R., & Kasl, S. V. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.2.261 · Cited by 1,508 · see citing works
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Stereotype Embodiment: A Psychosocial Approach to Aging
Levy, B. (2009) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01662.x · Cited by 1,822 · see citing works
Ageism in the Health Care System: Providers, Patients, and Systems
Wyman, M. F., Shiovitz-Ezra, S., & Bengel, J. (2018) · International Perspectives on Aging · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73820-8_13 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Racial Identity and Well-Being among African Americans
Hughes, M., Kiecolt, K. J., Keith, V. M., & Demo, D. H. (2015) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0190272514554043 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
A culture-brain link: negative age stereotypes predict Alzheimer's disease biomarkers
Levy, B. R., Ferrucci, L., Zonderman, A. B., Slade, M. D., Troncoso, J., & Resnick, S. M. (2016) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000062 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationStewart, T. L., Chipperfield, J. G., Perry, R. P., & Weiner, B. (2012) · Psychology & Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2011.630735 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Longitudinal change of self-perceptions of aging and mortality
Sargent-Cox, K. A., Anstey, K. J., & Luszcz, M. A. (2014) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbt005 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
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Levy, B. R. (2017) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnx059 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Centering Age Inequality: Developing a Sociology-of-Age Framework
Barrett, A. E. (2022) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-083121-043741 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Zhao, Y., Dupre, M. E., Qiu, L., & Gu, D. (2017) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4479-1 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-perception of uselessness and mortality among older adults in China
Gu, D., Dupre, M. E., & Qiu, L. (2017) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2016.10.015 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Fernández-Jiménez, C., Dumitrache, C. G., Rubio, L., & Ruiz-Montero, P. J. (2024) · Ageing and Society · doi:10.1017/s0144686x22000332 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
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Self-citationAttributions of competence mediate the behaviors of caregivers and older adults
Bustillos, A., & Fernández Ballesteros, R. (2013) · GeroPsych · doi:10.1024/1662-9647/a000089 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Levy, B. R., Zonderman, A. B., Slade, M. D., & Ferrucci, L.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- National Institute on Aging (US)
- Corresponding author
- Levy, Becca R.
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-03
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 296-298
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- PMC
- PMC2666386
- OpenAlex
- W2165708595
- Cited by
- 405
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 13.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (Z01AG000015)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL089314)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Demography › Retirement, Disability, and Employment
- Keywords
- age stereotypes, cardiovascular events, older adults, cardiovascular risk, tobacco use, health behavior, stress response, aging
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aging, Cardiovascular Diseases, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Stereotyping, Age of Onset, Young Adult
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