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Cited by 119Occupational Health and Safety in WorkplacesMaternal and Neonatal HealthcarePregnancy-related medical research

Standing at work and preterm delivery

Henriksen, Tine Brink, Hedegaard, Morten, Secher, Niels Jørgen, Wilcox, Allen J.·1995·BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
DOI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09094.x
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Abstract

Objective Guidelines in some European countries and the United States suggest that pregnant women should avoid prolonged standing and heavy lifting in the workplace during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. However, results from epidemiological studies on this topic are ambiguous. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of standing and walking at work in the second trimester on preterm delivery in a population with a low frequency of other workplace hazards. Subjects and design A prospective cohort of 8711 women with singleton pregnancies was established during 1989 through 1991. Information was collected during the 16th week of pregnancy about medical and obstetrical history, general lifestyle factors and exposures at work. The analyses were restricted to 4259 respondents who worked at the 16th week. Potential confounders and effect modifiers were evaluated by stratification and multivariate analyses. Results After adjustment for confounders, women standing more than five hours per work day had an odds ratio (OR) for preterm delivery of 1.2 (95% CI 0.6 to 2.4) compared with women standing two hours or less. For walking, the OR was 1.4 (95% CI 0.7 to 2.5). Many women were unable to separate periods of standing from periods of walking; a combined measure of these two exposures was created to reflect exposure intensity. Women who reported more than five hours of both standing and walking had an adjusted OR of 3.3 (95% CI 1.4 to 8.0) compared with women who reported two hours or less on either of the exposures. No adverse effects were seen for lifting or other types of physical exertion. Conclusions Our findings suggest that standing and walking at work during the second trimester may present a particular risk for preterm delivery, and workplace guidelines are justified. Further research is needed to address the specific mechanisms by which physical exertion, including standing and walking, might cause preterm delivery.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09094.x

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  • Previous observational studies suggest that various factors (coitus, prolonged standing, infections, physical exertion, caffeine, smoking, cocaine, marijuana, alcohol, skipping meals, psychological stress) may trigger preterm delivery.

    “Previous observational studies suggest that coitus7, prolonged standing8,9, urinary tract and other infections10, physical exertion11,12, caffeine intake13, smoking14–16, cocaine use17, marijuana use18, alcohol use17, skipping meals19, and psychological stress20,21 may trigger preterm delivery.”

    From Triggers of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery – Why Today? (2014) · cites this paper as [8]

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Authors
Henriksen, T. B., Hedegaard, M., Secher, N. J., & Wilcox, A. J.
Affiliations
  • Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author
Henriksen, Tine Brink
ORCID
Venue
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1995-03
Volume
102
Issue
3
Pages
198-206
ISSN
  • 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
  • 1470-0328
  • 1471-0528
DOI
10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09094.x
OpenAlex
W2162335605
Cited by
119
References
47
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
FWCI
14.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 3824 d)
Locations
  • BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy-related medical research
Keywords
preterm birth, second trimester, occupational physical exertion, prenatal exposure, heavy lifting, exposure intensity
MeSH terms
Denmark, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Obstetric Labor, Premature, Occupational Diseases, Posture, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Odds Ratio, Walking, Lifting

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