CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 118Maternal and Perinatal Health InterventionsReproductive Health and ContraceptionAnesthesia and Pain Management

Trends in mode of delivery during 1984–2003: can they be explained by pregnancy and delivery complications?

O’Leary, CM, De Klerk, N, Keogh, J, Pennell, C, De Groot, J, York, L, Mulroy, S, Stanley, FJ·2007·BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
DOI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01307.x
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objectives To describe trends in mode of delivery, to identify significant factors which affected mode of delivery, and to describe how these factors and their impact have changed over time. Design Total population birth cohort. Setting Western Australia 1984–2003. Participants The analysis was restricted to all singleton infants delivered at 37–42 weeks of gestation with a cephalic presentation (n= 432 327). Methods Logistic regression analyses were undertaken to estimate significant independent risk factors separately for elective and emergency caesarean sections compared with vaginal delivery (spontaneous and instrumental), adjusting for potential confounding variables. Main outcome measures Trends in mode of delivery, demographic factors, and pregnancy and delivery complications. Estimated likelihood of elective caesarean section compared with vaginal delivery and emergency caesarean section compared with vaginal delivery. Results Between 1984–88 and 1999–2003, the likelihood of women having an elective caesarean section increased by a factor of 2.35 times (95% CI 2.28–2.42) and the likelihood of an emergency caesarean section increased 1.89 times (95% CI 1.83–1.96). These caesarean section rate increases remained even after adjustment for their strong associations with many sociodemographic factors, obstetric risk factors, and obstetric complications. Rates of caesarean section were higher in older mothers, especially those older than 40 years of age (elective caesarean section, OR 5.42 [95% CI 4.88–6.01]; emergency caesarean section, OR 2.67 [95% CI 2.39–2.97]), and in nulliparous women (elective caesarean section, OR 1.54 [95% CI 1.47–1.61]; emergency caesarean section, OR 3.61 [95% CI 3.47–3.76]). Conclusions Our data show significant changes in mode of delivery in Western Australia from 1984–2003, with an increasing trend in both elective and emergency caesarean section rates that do not appear to be explained by increased risk or indication.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01307.x

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The growth in cesarean rates cannot be explained by increases in obstetric risk factors, including delayed and multiple infant pregnancy and maternal obesity.

    “growth that cannot be explained by increases in obstetric risk factors, including those associated with delayed and multiple infant pregnancy and maternal obesity3–6”

    From The relation between cesarean birth and child cognitive development (2017) · cites this paper as [5]

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
O’Leary, C., De Klerk, N., Keogh, J., Pennell, C., De Groot, J., York, L., Mulroy, S., & Stanley, F.
Affiliations
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • The University of Western Australia (AU)
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AU)
  • King Edward Memorial Hospital (AU)
  • The Kids Research Institute Australia (AU)
ORCID
Pennell, C
Venue
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2007-05-15
Volume
114
Issue
7
Pages
855-864
ISSN
  • 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
  • 1470-0328
  • 1471-0528
DOI
10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01307.x
OpenAlex
W1983793449
Cited by
118
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 8
FWCI
10.95
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Anesthesia and Pain Management
Keywords
cesarean section rate, mode of delivery, elective cesarean section, emergency cesarean section, vaginal delivery, pregnancy complications, delivery complications, maternal age, nulliparity, Western Australia, birth cohort, prenatal risk factors
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Humans, Maternal Age, Parity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Regression Analysis, Western Australia, Cohort Studies, Odds Ratio, Delivery, Obstetric

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review