The methane cycle in ferruginous Lake Matano
Open accessAbstract
In Lake Matano, Indonesia, the world's largest known ferruginous basin, more than 50% of authigenic organic matter is degraded through methanogenesis, despite high abundances of Fe (hydr)oxides in the lake sediments. Biogenic CH₄ accumulates to high concentrations (up to 1.4 mmol L⁻¹) in the anoxic bottom waters, which contain a total of 7.4 × 10⁵ tons of CH₄. Profiles of dissolved inorganic carbon (ΣCO₂) and carbon isotopes (δ¹³C) show that CH₄ is oxidized in the vicinity of the persistent pycnocline and that some of this CH₄ is likely oxidized anaerobically. The dearth of NO₃⁻ and SO₄²⁻ in Lake Matano waters suggests that anaerobic methane oxidation may be coupled to the reduction of Fe (and/or Mn) (hydr)oxides. Thermodynamic considerations reveal that CH₄ oxidation coupled to Fe(III) or Mn(III/IV) reduction would yield sufficient free energy to support microbial growth at the substrate levels present in Lake Matano. Flux calculations imply that Fe and Mn must be recycled several times directly within the water column to balance the upward flux of CH₄. 16S gene cloning identified methanogens in the anoxic water column, and these methanogens belong to groups capable of both acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. We find that methane is important in C cycling, even in this very Fe-rich environment. Such Fe-rich environments are rare on Earth today, but they are analogous to conditions in the ferruginous oceans thought to prevail during much of the Archean Eon. By analogy, methanogens and methanotrophs could have formed an important part of the Archean Ocean ecosystem.
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The reduction of ferric iron may also have been coupled to the anaerobic oxidation of methane.
“Moreover, the reduction of ferric iron may also have been coupled to the anaerobic oxidation of methane (Konhauser et al., 2005), an observation supported by the reaction's likely occurrence in modern marine sediments (Riedinger et al., 2014) and lakes (Crowe et al., 2011), as well as in culture experiments (Ettwig et al., 2016; Bray et al., 2017).”
From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Crowe et al., 2011
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“Under anoxic and non-sulphidic (ferruginous) conditions, dissolved Mo can be transported to the sediments via absorption to Fe (oxyhydr)oxides as has been observed in the modern ferruginous Matano Lake, Indonesia (Crowe et al., 2008a; Goldberg et al., 2009).”
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- Authors
- CROWE, S. A., KATSEV, S., LESLIE, K., STURM, A., MAGEN, C., NOMOSATRYO, S., PACK, M. A., KESSLER, J. D., REEBURGH, W. S., ROBERTS, J. A., GONZÁLEZ, L., DOUGLAS HAFFNER, G., MUCCI, A., SUNDBY, B., & FOWLE, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas (US)
- University of Minnesota, Duluth (US)
- Université du Québec à Montréal (CA)
- Indonesian Institute of Sciences (ID)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Université du Québec à Rimouski (CA)
- Corresponding author
- CROWE, S. A.
- FOWLE, D. A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Geobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-09-20
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 61-78
- ISSN
- 1472-4669 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-4677
- OpenAlex
- W1961334287
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- escholarship.org
- Locations
- Geobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- methane cycling, Lake Matano, methanogenesis, anaerobic oxidation of methane, Fe(III) reduction, methanogenic archaea, acetoclastic methanogenesis, hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, carbon cycle, pycnocline, Archean ocean, methanotrophic bacteria
- MeSH terms
- Archaea, Fresh Water, Indonesia, Iron, Manganese, Methane, Molecular Sequence Data, Nitrates, Oxidation-Reduction, Sulfates, Carbon Cycle
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