Maintaining soil fertility under increasing land use pressure in the Middle Mountains of Nepal
Abstract
Abstract. Nepal is facing a serious problem of being unable to maintain soil fertility in agriculture and forestry. Land use practices initiated over the past 10–15 years have resulted in insufficient nutrient inputs, while biomass use and production have increased. Changes in forest soil fertility have resulted from intensive use of forest biomass for animal feed and collection of forest litter for use in agriculture. The agricultural fertility changes have resulted from intensifying annual crop rotations from 1.5 to 2.5 crops and insufficient inputs. The removal of biomass from the forest has curtailed the natural organic cycle by virtually eliminating nutrient inputs. The soils are very acidic and have little C, N, P and exchangeable bases, but have large amounts of active iron. Basic nutrients are not sustained in agriculture and differences in inputs and management between irrigated and rainfed agricultural systems are becoming visible. Irrigated fields show the largest cation content because of input from irrigation water. Rainfed agricultural sites, which receive the most nutrients (fertilizers and manure), have the highest pH values and C and N contents. All soil fertility conditions are marginal and put into question the long‐term sustainability of current levels of production. Alterations in the cropping intensity are needed and the introduction of nitrogen fixing trees and crops seems to be the most viable option towards sustainability.
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In Nepal, soils are often moderately acidic showing low nitrogen, phosphorous and exchangeable base concentrations.
“In Nepal, soils are often moderately acidic showing low nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and exchangeable base concentrations (Brown et al., 1999;Schreier et al., 1994).”
From Biochar improves maize growth by alleviation of nutrient stress in a moderately acidic low-input Nepalese soil (2018) · cites this paper as Schreier et al., 1994
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- Authors
- Schreier, H., Shah, P. B., Lavkulich, L. M., & Brown, S.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (NP)
- ORCID
- Brown, S.
- Venue
- Soil Use and Management
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1994-09
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 137-142
- ISSN
- 0266-0032 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2743
- OpenAlex
- W2120678301
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 0.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Soil Use and Management (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Keywords
- soil fertility, land use change, forest soil fertility, biomass removal, nutrient inputs, soil acidity, exchangeable cations, active iron, soil organic carbon, soil nitrogen, rainfed agriculture, cropping intensity, nitrogen-fixing trees, sustainable agriculture
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