Frequency and severity of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders in prescription opioid dependence
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Comorbid substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders are associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms, social and occupational impairment, and economic burden. To date, the majority of research has focused on comorbidity in illicit drug users, rather than prescription drug users. To address this gap in the literature, the present cross-sectional study investigated the clinical profiles of individuals with prescription opioid dependence with or without comorbid mood and anxiety disorders. METHODS: Ninety individuals with prescription opioid use were recruited to participate in the study procedures. All participants completed a structured clinical interview and series of self-report measures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Of the 85 individuals with prescription opioid dependence, 47.1% (n = 40) were diagnosed with a comorbid mood or anxiety disorder. The findings showed that individuals with prescription opioid dependence and comorbid mood and anxiety disorders demonstrated significantly more severe alcohol use, psychiatric symptoms, and sleep impairment than individuals without comorbidity. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: The findings highlight the frequency and severity of co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders in individuals with prescription opioid dependence and suggest that integrated interventions are needed to address these growing problems.
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Patients with high levels of anxiety and depression receiving opioid treatment for chronic pain are at increased risk of developing opioid misuse.
“Previous studies have consistently found that patients with high levels of anxiety and depression receiving opioid treatment for chronic pain are at increased risk of developing opioid misuse [80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90].”
From Pain acceptance creates an emotional context that protects against the misuse of prescription opioids: A study in a sample of patients with chronic noncancer pain (2021) · cites this paper as [86]
The Discussion reports that prior research found depression predictive of prescription opioid abuse in patients with chronic pain and recommends monitoring mood or anxiety disorders in patients prescribed opioids. It does not establish that anxiety predicts later misuse: this study examined people already dependent on prescription opioids, and its Conclusions say the cross-sectional design cannot determine temporal order. Page numbers are not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Tata, V., Saadi, R. A., Cho, S. K., Varisco, T. J., Wanat, M. A., & Thornton, J. D. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24472459
Donio, A. L., Hur, K., Sin, E., & Jang, C. (2026) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2026.111110
- Authors
- Gros, D. F., Milanak, M. E., Brady, K. T., & Back, S. E.
- Affiliations
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center Charleston, South Carolina
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- The American Journal on Addictions
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-04-25
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 261-265
- ISSN
- 1055-0496 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-0391
- PMC
- PMC6206504
- OpenAlex
- W2133978074
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- American Journal on Addictions (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K24DA00435, K24DA000435, K23DA021228)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Keywords
- prescription opioid dependence, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, psychiatric comorbidity, substance use disorders, alcohol consumption, sleep disorders, psychiatric symptom severity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Opioid-Related Disorders, Pain Measurement, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Severity of Illness Index, Sleep, Comorbidity, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Mood Disorders, Prescription Drug Misuse
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