Chronic Smoking and Alcoholism Change Expression of Selective Genes in the Human Prefrontal Cortex
Abstract
Background:Alcoholism is commonly associated with chronic smoking. A number of gene expression profiles of regions within the human mesocorticolimbic system have identified potential alcohol‐sensitive genes; however, the influence of smoking on these changes was not taken into account. This study addressed the impact of alcohol and smoking on the expression of 4 genes, previously identified as alcoholism‐sensitive, in the human prefrontal cortex (PFC). Methods:mRNA expression of apolipoprotein D, tissue inhibitor of the metalloproteinase 3, high‐affinity glial glutamate transporter and midkine, was measured in the PFC of alcoholic subjects and controls with and without smoking comorbidity using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Results:The results show that alcohol affects transcription of some of these genes. Additionally, smoking has a marked influence on gene expression. Conclusion:This study emphasizes the need for careful case selection in future gene expression studies to delineate the adaptive molecular process associated with smoking and alcohol.
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Transcriptomes from complex tissues such as human brain may be organized into networks of co-expressed genes that better reflect the biological functions and organization of the tissue.
“Transcriptomes from complex tissues, such as human brain, may be organized into networks of co-expressed genes that better reflect the biological functions and organization of the tissue7–14.”
From Analysis of whole genome-transcriptomic organization in brain to identify genes associated with alcoholism (2019) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Flatscher‐Bader, T., & Wilce, P. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Flatscher‐Bader, Traute
- Venue
- Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-04-12
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 908-915
- ISSN
- 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0277
- OpenAlex
- W1998065888
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Government
- Medical Research Council
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R24AA012725)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- chronic smoking, alcoholism, prefrontal cortex, gene expression, apolipoprotein D, TIMP-3, high-affinity glutamate transporter, midkine, mesocorticolimbic system, transcription
- MeSH terms
- Midkine, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcoholism, Apolipoproteins, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, RNA, Messenger, Smoking, Gene Expression, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cytokines, Prefrontal Cortex, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3, Gene Expression Profiling, Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1, Apolipoproteins D
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