Quantitative brain MRI in alcohol dependence: preliminary evidence for effects of concurrent chronic cigarette smoking on regional brain volumes
Abstract
Background Recent in vivo research using magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated that chronic cigarette smoking exacerbates regional chronic alcohol-induced brain injury. Other studies associated cigarette smoking with gray matter volume reductions in healthy adults, with greater brain atrophy in aging, and with poorer neurocognition. Although cigarette smoking is common among alcohol-dependent individuals, previous research did not account for the potential effects of chronic smoking on regional brain volumes in alcoholism. Methods High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance images from one-week-abstinent, alcohol-dependent individuals and light drinkers were automatically segmented into gray matter, white matter, and cerebral spinal fluid of lobes and subcortical structures. A brief neuropsychological test battery was used to assess cognition in alcohol-dependent individuals. The alcoholic and nondrinking groups were retrospectively divided into chronic smokers and nonsmokers, and the volumetric data were analyzed as a function of alcohol and smoking status. Results Chronic alcohol dependence was associated with smaller volumes of frontal and parietal white matter, parietal and temporal gray matter, and thalami, accompanied by widespread sulcal but not ventricular enlargements. Chronic cigarette smoking was associated with less parietal and temporal gray matter and with more temporal white matter. Among alcoholics, better visuospatial learning and memory and greater…
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Smoking nicotine is associated with higher white matter volume.
“consumption of nicotine via smoking has been associated with higher white matter volume (Gazdzinski et al., 2005; Yu, Zhao, & Lu, 2011).”
From Substance abuse and white matter: Findings, limitations, and future of diffusion tensor imaging research (2019) · cites this paper as Gazdzinski et al., 2005
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- Authors
- Gazdzinski, S., Durazzo, T. C., Studholme, C., Song, E., Banys, P., & Meyerhoff, D. J.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gazdzinski, S
- Venue
- Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-08
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1484-1495
- ISSN
- 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038543194
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 9.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Kaiser Permanente
- University of California, San Francisco
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA 10788, R01AA010788)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Keywords
- alcoholism, chronic cigarette smoking, brain volume, gray matter loss, white matter, brain atrophy, thalamus, cognitive function, scanning speed, neuroimaging
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Ethanol, Alcoholism, Atrophy, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Retrospective Studies, Smoking, Thalamus, Comorbidity
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