Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 3,384

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Social and Commercial Entrepreneurship: Same, Different, or Both?

Open access
Austin, James, Stevenson, Howard, Wei–Skillern, Jane·2006·Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
DOI 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00107.x
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Entrepreneurship has been the engine propelling much of the growth of the business sector as well as a driving force behind the rapid expansion of the social sector. This article offers a comparative analysis of commercial and social entrepreneurship using a prevailing analytical model from commercial entrepreneurship. The analysis highlights key similarities and differences between these two forms of entrepreneurship and presents a framework on how to approach the social entrepreneurial process more systematically and effectively. We explore the implications of this analysis of social entrepreneurship for both practitioners and researchers.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00107.x

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 48

  1. Austin J.E., 2000, The collaboration challenge: How nonprofits and business succeed through strategic alliances
  2. Austin J.E., 1999, Women's World Banking: Catalytic change through networks
  3. Austin J.E., 2002, KaBOOM!
  4. Bradach J.L., 2003, Stanford Social Innovation Review, 1, 18
  5. Bradach J.L., 2000, New schools venture fund
  6. 10.1287/mnsc.29.12.1349 · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.2307/41165086 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Colby S., 2004, Stanford Social Innovation Review, 2, 24
  9. Cole B., 1982, Modern Healthcare, 12, 67
  10. Collins O.F., 1964, The enterprising man
  11. Cooper A.C., 1975, Academy of Management, Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting, 426
  12. Dees J.G., 2003, International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 2, 1
  13. Dees J.G., 2004, Stanford Social Innovation Review, 1, 24
  14. Dees J.G., 1991, Steve Mariotti and NFTE
  15. 10.2307/255929 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Drucker P.F., 1989, Harvard Business Review, 67, 88
  17. Emerson J., 1996, New social entrepreneurs: The success, challenge and lessons of non–profit enterprise creation
  18. Foster W., 2005, Harvard Business Review, 83, 92
  19. Freeman R.B., 1979, Academic rewards in higher education, 63
  20. 10.1177/0899764000291S002 · DOI
  21. Grossman A., 2001, Jumpstart
  22. Grossman A., 2003, Guide Dogs for the Blind Association
  23. Hart M.M., 1996, Frontiers of entrepreneurship 1995: Proceedings of the 15th Annual Entrepreneurship Research Conference, 75
  24. Kanter R.M., 1987, The nonprofit sector: A research handbook, 154
  25. Letts C., 1999, High performance nonprofit organizations: Managing upstream for greater impact
  26. 10.1037/14359-000 · DOI · Paper page
  27. McFarlan F.W., 1996, Mt. Auburn Hospital
  28. NelsonR. & KrashinskyM. (1973). Two major issues of public policy: Public policy and organization of supply. In NelsonR. & YoungD. (Eds), Public subsidy for day care of young children (pp. 47–69). Lexington, MA: DC Heath & Co.
  29. 10.1093/oso/9780195085037.001.0001 · DOI
  30. Oster S.M., 1994, Modern competitive analysis
  31. Porter M.E., 1980, Competitive strategy: techniques for analyzing industries and competitors
  32. Porter M.E., 1985, Competitive advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance
  33. 10.1086/298216 · DOI · Paper page
  34. 10.1287/mnsc.29.1.33 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Reis T., 1999, Unleashing the new resources and entrepreneurship for the common good: A scan, synthesis and scenario for action
  36. Sahlman W.A., 1996, The entrepreneurial venture, 138
  37. Schumpeter J.A., 1934, The theory of economic development
  38. Sesame Workshop (2002). Annual report. Available at http://www.sesameworkshop.org/aboutus/pdf/SesameWorkshop2002.pdf, accessed 7 August 2002.
  39. Stevenson H.H., 1983, A perspective on entrepreneurship
  40. Stevenson H.H., 1985, Harvard Business Review, 63, 85
  41. Stevenson H.H., 1991, Socio–economics: Toward a new synthesis, 185
  42. 10.1108/09513550210435746 · DOI
  43. 10.1016/0883-9026(86)90012-1 · DOI
  44. Weisbrod B., 1975, Altruism, morality and economic theory, 171
  45. Weisbrod B., 1977, The voluntary nonprofit sector
  46. 10.1086/298012 · DOI
  47. Wei–Skillern J., 2002, The September 11th fund: The creation
  48. Zadek S., 1997, New Statesman, 26, 31

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Austin, J., Stevenson, H., & Wei–Skillern, J.
Venue
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2006-01
Volume
30
Issue
1
Pages
1-22
ISSN
  • 1042-2587 (ISSN-L)
  • 1540-6520
DOI
10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00107.x
OpenAlex
W2106529082
Cited by
3,384
References
0
FWCI
62.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.