Reframing the Dissemination Challenge: A Marketing and Distribution Perspective
Open accessAbstract
A fundamental obstacle to successful dissemination and implementation of evidence-based public health programs is the near-total absence of systems and infrastructure for marketing and distribution. We describe the functions of a marketing and distribution system, and we explain how it would help move effective public health programs from research to practice. Then we critically evaluate the 4 dominant strategies now used to promote dissemination and implementation, and we explain how each would be enhanced by marketing and distribution systems. Finally, we make 6 recommendations for building the needed system infrastructure and discuss the responsibility within the public health community for implementation of these recommendations. Without serious investment in such infrastructure, application of proven solutions in public health practice will continue to occur slowly and rarely.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Dissemination strategies target awareness, attitude, knowledge, and intention to adopt a specific EBI.
“Awareness, attitude, knowledge, and intention to adopt a specific EBI”
From Beyond “implementation strategies”: classifying the full range of strategies used in implementation science and practice (2017) · cites this paper as [27]
Dissemination strategies target levels of intervention and individual.
“Targets levels of intervention and individual”
From Beyond “implementation strategies”: classifying the full range of strategies used in implementation science and practice (2017) · cites this paper as [27]
Outcomes used to assess effectiveness of dissemination strategies are distribution reach to target audience and EBI awareness, knowledge, attitude, and intention to adopt.
“Distribution reach to target audienceEBI awareness, knowledge, attitude, and intention to adopt”
From Beyond “implementation strategies”: classifying the full range of strategies used in implementation science and practice (2017) · cites this paper as [27]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
REVIEW OF COMMUNITY-BASED RESEARCH: Assessing Partnership Approaches to Improve Public Health
Israel, B. A., Schulz, A. J., Parker, E. A., & Becker, A. B. (1998) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.19.1.173 · Cited by 5,893 · see citing works
Dimensions of Consumer Expertise
Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (1987) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209080 · Cited by 4,375 · see citing works
Social and Commercial Entrepreneurship: Same, Different, or Both?
Austin, J. E., Stevenson, H. H., & Wei–Skillern, J. (2006) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00107.x · Cited by 3,488 · see citing works
Bero, L. A., Grilli, R., Grimshaw, J. M., Harvey, E., Oxman, A. D., & Thomson, M. A. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7156.465 · Cited by 2,396 · see citing works
Social entrepreneurship: A critical review of the concept
Peredo, A. M., & McLean, M. (2006) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2005.10.007 · Cited by 1,993 · see citing works
Managing Clinical Knowledge for Health Care Improvement
Balas, E. A., & Boren, S. A. (2000) · Yearbook of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1637943 · Cited by 1,479 · see citing works
Bettman, J. R., & Park, C. W. (1980) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208812 · Cited by 1,344 · see citing works
Wandersman, A., Duffy, J., Flaspohler, P., Noonan, R., Lubell, K., Stillman, L., Blachman, M., Dunville, R., & Saul, J. (2008) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-008-9174-z · Cited by 1,339 · see citing works
Task Force on Community Preventive Services
(2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195151091.002.0004 · Cited by 1,162 · see citing works
Green, L. W., & Glasgow, R. E. (2006) · Evaluation & the Health Professions · doi:10.1177/0163278705284445 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
Graham, J. L., & Andreasen, A. R. (1997) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3151867 · Cited by 826 · see citing works
Consumer response to stockouts
Fitzsimons, G. J. (2000) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/314323 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Philanthropy's new agenda: creating value.
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Diffusion, Dissemination, and Implementation: Who Should Do What?
LOMAS, J. (1993) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb26351.x · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Empreendedorismo social e comercial: iguais, diferentes ou ambos?
Austin, J. E., Stevenson, H. H., & Wei–Skillern, J. (2012) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · doi:10.1590/s0080-21072012000300003 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Klesges, L. M., Estabrooks, P. A., Dzewaltowski, D. A., Bull, S. S., & Glasgow, R. E. (2005) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2902s_10 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
The Guide to Community Preventive Services: What Works to Promote Health?
Zaza, S., Briss, P. A., & Harris, K. (2005) · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Fairbrother, G., Hanson, K. L., Friedman, S. M., & Butts, G. C. (1999) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.89.2.171 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Fighting back against substance abuse
Hallfors, D. D., Cho, H., Livert, D. E., & Kadushin, C. (2002) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00511-1 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Collins, C. B., Harshbarger, C. L., Sawyer, R., & Hamdallah, M. (2006) · AIDS Education and Prevention · doi:10.1521/aeap.2006.18.supp.5 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Best, A., Stokols, D., Green, L. W., Leischow, S. J., Holmes, B. J., & Buchholz, K. (2003) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-18.2.168 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Dearing, J. W., Maibach, E. W., & Buller, D. B. (2006) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.06.018 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Campo, K., Gijsbrechts, E., & Nisol, P. (2002) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/s0148-2963(02)00486-1 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Increasing the Demand for and Use of Effective Smoking-Cessation Treatments
Orleans, C. T. (2007) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.09.003 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Improving the Public Health Workforce
Dreisinger, M., Leet, T. L., Baker, E. A., Gillespie, K. N., Haas, B., & Brownson, R. C. (2008) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/01.phh.0000311891.73078.50 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Replicating effective programs: HIV/AIDS prevention technology transfer.
Neumann, M. S., & Sogolow, E. D. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Improving the State of Health Programming by Using Diffusion Theory
Dearing, J. W. (2004) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730490271502 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Translating Research into Improved Outcomes in Comprehensive Cancer Control
Kerner, J. F., Guirguis‐Blake, J., Hennessy, K. D., Brounstein, P. J., Vinson, C., Schwartz, R. H., Myers, B. A., & Briss, P. A. (2005) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-005-0488-y · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Crosby, R. A. (2005) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.02.018 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Cancer Control Planners' Perceptions and Use of Evidence-Based Programs
Hannon, P. A., Fernández, M. E., Williams, R. S., Mullen, P. D., Escoffery, C., Kreuter, M. W., Pfeiffer, D., Kegler, M. C., Reese, L. E., Mistry, R., et al. (2010) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0b013e3181b3a3b1 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationResearch and Action for Bridging Science and Practice in Prevention
Saul, J. R., Wandersman, A., Flaspohler, P. D., Duffy, J. L., Lubell, K. M., & Noonan, R. K. (2008) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10464-008-9169-9 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The cancer prevention and control research network.
Harris, J. R., Brown, P., Coughlin, S. S., et al. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Training Practitioners in Evidence-Based Chronic Disease Prevention for Global Health
Brownson, R. C., Diem, G., Grabauskas, V. J., Legetić, B., Потемкина, Р. А., Shatchkute, A., Baker, E. A., Campbell, C. R., Leet, T. L., Nissinen, A. M., et al. (2007) · Promotion & Education · doi:10.1177/175797590701400305 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Teaching Evidence-based Public Health to Public Health Practitioners
O'Neall, M. A., & Brownson, R. C. (2004) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.09.001 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Fighting back or fighting themselves?
Green, L. W., & Kreuter, M. W. (2002) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00519-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationImproving health through health marketing.
Bernhardt, J. M. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- [4]Coughlan A, Anderson E, Stern L, El-Ansary A. Marketing Channels Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2006 [Google Scholar]
- [5]Kotler P. Marketing Management Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall; 2000 [Google Scholar]
- [7]Walton MS. Generating Buy-in: Mastering the Language of Leadership New York, NY: AMACOM; 2004 [Google Scholar]
- [8]US Department of Health and Human Services. The Mission of the National Vaccine Program and the Purpose of the National Vaccine Plan Washington, DC: US Dept of Health and Human Services; 2008 [Google Scholar]
- [22]Green L, Kreuter M. Community coalitions against substance abuse and their use of best practices. Am J Prev Med 2002;23(4):303–306 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- [33]Robinson B. NCI plans to expand outreach through community-based research programs. NCI Cancer Bull 2009;6(16):9 [Google Scholar]
- [40]Saul J, Wandersman A, Flaspohler P, Duffy J, Lubell K, Noonan R. Research and action for bridging the gap between prevention research and practice. Am J Community Psychol 2008;41(3–4):165–170 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Worldwide application of prevention science in adolescent health
Catalano, R. F., Fagan, A. A., Gavin, L. E., Greenberg, M. T., Irwin, C. E., Ross, D. A., & Shek, D. T. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60238-4 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
Leeman, J., Birken, S. A., Powell, B. J., Rohweder, C., & Shea, C. M. (2017) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-017-0657-x · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Brownson, R. C., Jacobs, J. A., Tabak, R. G., Hoehner, C. M., & Stamatakis, K. A. (2013) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2012.301165 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Society for Prevention Research Type 2 Translational Task Force Members and Contributing Authors, Spoth, R., Rohrbach, L. A., Greenberg, M., Leaf, P., Brown, C. H., Fagan, A., Catalano, R. F., Pentz, M. A., Sloboda, Z., et al. (2013) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-012-0362-6 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Racial/ethnic disparities in the assessment and treatment of pain: Psychosocial perspectives.
Tait, R. C., & Chibnall, J. T. (2014) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0035204 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Bridging the gap: translating research into policy and practice
Brownson, R. C., & Jones, E. (2009) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.008 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Scaling up public health interventions: engaging partners across multiple levels
Leeman, J., Boisson, A., & Go, V. (2022) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052020-113438 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Direct-to-consumer marketing of psychological treatments: A randomized controlled trial.
Gallo, K. P., Comer, J. S., Barlow, D. H., Clarke, R. N., & Antony, M. M. (2015) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0039470 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Beidas, R. S., Volpp, K. G., Buttenheim, A. N., Marcus, S. C., Olfson, M., Pellecchia, M., Stewart, R. E., Williams, N. J., Becker-Haimes, E. M., Candon, M., et al. (2019) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/12121 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Pricing health behavior interventions to promote adoption
Ribisl, K. M., Leeman, J., & Glasser, A. M. (2014) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.02.008 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kreuter, M. W., & Bernhardt, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Public Health
- Publisher
- American Public Health Association
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2123-2127
- ISSN
- 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
- 1541-0048
- PMC
- PMC2775768
- OpenAlex
- W1963637356
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA P50 95815, P50CA095815)
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U48-DP000060, US48 DP000060)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Public Health Policies and Education
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Sciences Research and Education
- Keywords
- dissemination, implementation, research-to-practice translation, public health infrastructure, implementation strategies
- MeSH terms
- Health Promotion, Marketing of Health Services, Public Health, Program Evaluation, Evidence-Based Medicine, Information Dissemination
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review