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Cited by 210Bacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and BioproductionRNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

Organization and regulation of genes for amino acid biosynthesis in lactic acid bacteria

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Chopin, Alain·1993·FEMS Microbiology Reviews
DOI 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1993.tb00011.x
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Abstract

The recent description of large clusters of biosynthetic genes in the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis and, to a lesser extent, of Lactobacillus, has brought some information on gene organization and control of gene expression in these organisms. The genes involved in a given amino acid biosynthetic pathway are clustered at a single chromosomal location and form an operon. Additional genes which are not required for the biosynthesis are present within some operons. Genetic signals are, in general, similar to those found in other prokaryotes. Several systems controlling gene expression have been identified and transcription attenuation seems frequent. Among the attenuation mechanisms identified, one resembles that controlling amino acid biosynthesis in many bacteria by ribosome stalling at codons corresponding to limiting amino acid. The others are different and might be related to a new class of attenuation mechanism. Preliminary evidence for a new type of regulatory mechanism, involving a metabolic shunt, is also reviewed.

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  • Glu or Gln, Ile, Leu, His, Met, and Val are essential for the growth of most Lactococcus lactis strains.

    “The amino acid requirement is strain dependent, but Glu or Gln, Ile, Leu, His, Met, and Val are essential for the growth of most Lactococcus lactis strains (6).”

    From The extracellular PI-type proteinase of Lactococcus lactis hydrolyzes beta-casein into more than one hundred different oligopeptides (1995) · cites this paper as [6]

    The “Amino acid requirements and biosynthetic capabilities” section (page unavailable) says requirements vary by strain, and Table I lists the named amino acids as required in several L. lactis groups. But the same section reports that 36 L. lactis subsp. lactis strains could grow without methionine, albeit slowly, and that most non-dairy strains of that subspecies could grow without isoleucine, leucine, or valine. The copy therefore does not establish that every amino acid in the list is essential for most L. lactis strains. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Chopin, A.
Affiliations
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR)
Corresponding author
Chopin, Alain
Venue
FEMS Microbiology Reviews
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1993-09
Volume
12
Issue
1-3
Pages
21-37
ISSN
  • 0168-6445 (ISSN-L)
  • 1574-6976
DOI
10.1111/j.1574-6976.1993.tb00011.x
OpenAlex
W2128284350
Cited by
210
References
89
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
FWCI
8.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • FEMS Microbiology Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Keywords
amino acid biosynthesis, lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus, gene clusters, operon, gene expression regulation, transcriptional attenuation, ribosome stalling, prokaryotic gene expression
MeSH terms
Amino Acids, Base Sequence, Codon, DNA, Bacterial, Genes, Bacterial, Multigene Family, Lactobacillus, Molecular Sequence Data, Lactococcus lactis, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

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