The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Does antipsychotic withdrawal provoke psychosis? Review of the literature on rapid onset psychosis (supersensitivity psychosis) and withdrawal‐related relapse
Abstract
Objective: To examine the evidence that discontinuation of long‐term antipsychotic medication, including clozapine, may provoke a psychotic episode. Method: Databases were searched and citations scrutinised. Results: Evidence for a rapid onset psychosis (supersensitivity psychosis) following clozapine withdrawal was found and weaker evidence that this might occur with some other antipsychotic drugs. Some cases were reported in people without a psychiatric history. It appears that the psychosis may be a feature of drug withdrawal rather than the re‐emergence of an underlying illness, at least in some patients. Meta‐analyses of withdrawal studies have suggested that antipsychotic discontinuation may also increase the risk of relapse over and above the risk because of the underlying disorder, but not all individual studies show this effect. Mechanisms may relate to brain adaptations to long‐term drug use but data are sparse. Conclusion: These effects require further urgent research. Interventions to reduce morbidity after drug withdrawal need to be developed.
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“Ketamine (intravenous anesthetic) and esketamine (nasal spray) potentially produce psychological dependence and rapidly induce pharmacological tolerance [136-139].”
From Acute and Persistent Withdrawal Syndromes Following Discontinuation of Psychotropic Medications (2020) · cites this paper as [137]
Citations
Cites
Neuroleptic Withdrawal in Schizophrenic Patients
Gilbert, P. L. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950150005001 · Cited by 434
Risk of Recurrence Following Discontinuation of Lithium Treatment in Bipolar Disorder
Suppes, T. (1991) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810360046007 · Cited by 392
Antidepressant-Induced Sexual Dysfunction
Gregorian, R. S., Golden, K. A., Bahce, A., Goodman, C., Kwong, W. J., & Khan, Z. M. (2002) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1a195 · Cited by 320
Silvestri, S., Seeman, M. V., Negrete, J.-C., Houle, S., Shammi, C. M., Remington, G. J., Kapur, S., Zipursky, R. B., Wilson, A. A., Christensen, B. K., et al. (2000) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130000532 · Cited by 311
Neuroleptic-induced supersensitivity psychosis: clinical and pharmacologic characteristics
(1980) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.137.1.16 · Cited by 301
Dopaminergic supersensitivity after neuroleptics: time-course and specificity
Muller, P., & Seeman, P. (1978) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00429171 · Cited by 271
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Viguera, A. C. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830130055011 · Cited by 246 · cited 7×
“Dopamine receptor supersensitivity has been suggested as one such possible adaptation (48).”
BackgroundInfluentialSeeman, P., & Tallerico, T. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.6.876 · Cited by 237
Gitlin, M. J., Nuechterlein, K. H., Subotnik, K. L., Ventura, J., Mintz, J., Fogelson, D. L., Bartzokis, G., & Aravagiri, M. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1835 · Cited by 216
Neuroleptic Withdrawal in Schizophrenic Patients
Baldessarini, R. J. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950150021002 · Cited by 194
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Franks MA, 2005, The consequences of suddenly stopping psychotropic medication in bipolar disorder, Bipolar Disorders, 4, 11
- 10.1345/aph.1A440 · DOI · Paper page
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The nature of relapse in schizophrenia
Emsley, R. A., Chiliza, B., Asmal, L., & Harvey, B. H. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-50 · Cited by 481
Huhn, M., Tardy, M., Spineli, L. M., Kissling, W., Förstl, H., Pitschel-Walz, G., Leucht, C., Samara, M., Dold, M., Davis, J. M., et al. (2014) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.112 · Cited by 333
What is the risk‐benefit ratio of long‐term antipsychotic treatment in people with schizophrenia?
Correll, C. U., Rubio, J. M., & Kane, J. M. (2018) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20516 · Cited by 324
The role of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a critical appraisal
Brissos, S., Veguilla, M. R., Taylor, D., & Balanzá-Martinez, V. (2014) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125314540297 · Cited by 297
Maintenance treatment with antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia
Leucht, S., Tardy, M., Komossa, K., Heres, S., Kissling, W., & Davis, J. M. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008016.pub2 · Cited by 293
Metadata
- Authors
- Moncrieff, J.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Moncrieff, J.
- ORCID
- Moncrieff, J.
- Venue
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-03-23
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-13
- ISSN
- 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0447
- OpenAlex
- W2168608597
- Cited by
- 231
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 1.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- antipsychotic withdrawal, clozapine, antipsychotic discontinuation, psychosis relapse, drug withdrawal
- MeSH terms
- Clozapine, Humans, Long-Term Care, Psychoses, Substance-Induced, Psychotic Disorders, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Antipsychotic Agents
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