Exploiting human anatomical variability as a link between genome and cognome
Open accessAbstract
Although talents and disabilities appear to run in families, direct links between genes and cognitive ability are difficult to establish. Investigators are currently searching for intermediate phenotypes with plausible links to both genome and cognome (the cognitive phenotype). Cortical anatomy could provide one such intermediate phenotype. Variation in cortical size, asymmetry and sulcal pattern is influenced by genetic variation in neurotrophic factors and can predict variation in verbal and mathematical talent. Anecdotal evidence suggests that individuals with a rare morphological variant of Sylvian fissure sometimes have superior visualization ability combined with verbal deficits. Documentation of such ‘cognitive cortical syndromes’ might prove as genetically informative as the identification of dysmorphic syndromes associated with mental retardation. A necessary prerequisite for the establishment of such syndromes is a reliable technique for the identification of cortical patterns. Recent technical advances in software for automatically labeling and measuring cortical sulci now provide the possibility of establishing standard measures for their shape, size and location. Such measures are a prerequisite for genetic studies of cortical patterns that could illuminate the neurodevelopmental pathways by which genes affect cognitive ability.
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Several cross-laboratory studies of inbred mouse behavior have produced significantly different results across laboratories despite rigorous standardization of husbandry conditions, apparatus, and testing protocols.
“Several cross-laboratory studies of inbred mouse behavior have produced significantly different results across laboratories despite rigorous standardization of the husbandry conditions, apparatus, and testing protocols (Crabbe et al. 1999; Lewejohann et al. 2006; Richter et al. 2011).”
From How does cognition evolve? Phylogenetic comparative psychology (2012) · cites this paper as Lewejohann et al. 2006
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Sorted by citations
How does cognition evolve? Phylogenetic comparative psychology
MacLean, E. L., Matthews, L. J., Hare, B. A., Nunn, C. L., Anderson, R. C., Aureli, F., Brannon, E. M., Call, J., Drea, C. M., Emery, N. J., et al. (2012) · Animal Cognition · doi:10.1007/s10071-011-0448-8 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
- Authors
- Leonard, C. M., Eckert, M. A., & Kuldau, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Leonard, C. M.
- ORCID
- Eckert, M. A.
- Venue
- Genes, Brain and Behavior
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-01-16
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 64-77
- ISSN
- 1601-183X (ISSN-L)
- 1601-1848
- PMC
- PMC2739009
- OpenAlex
- W1971765969
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 125
- Citations by year
- 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 3.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Genes Brain & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC002922, R03DC005364, DC002922, R01DC006957, DC005364, DC006957)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- cognitive ability, endophenotypes, cortical anatomy, cortical asymmetry, sulcal patterns, neurotrophic factors, Sylvian fissure, verbal ability, mathematical ability, visualization ability, genetic variation, brain development
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Cognition, Female, Humans, Language Disorders, Functional Laterality, Learning Disabilities, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Organ Size, Schizophrenia, Verbal Behavior, Genome
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