Effect of Allopurinol on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Open accessAbstract
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2013; 15:435–442 ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Allopurinol is a potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor that is used in hyperuricemic patients to prevent gout. It has also been shown to decrease cardiovascular complications in a myriad of cardiovascular conditions. However, studies have reported conflicting evidence on its effects on blood pressure (BP). A systematic review was conducted using Medline, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for all the longitudinal studies that assessed the efficacy of allopurinol on systolic and diastolic BP. A total of 10 clinical studies with 738 participants were included in the analysis. Compared with the control group, systolic BP decreased by 3.3 mm Hg (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4–5.3 mm Hg; P=.001) and diastolic BP decreased by 1.3 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.1–2.5 mm Hg; P=.03) in patients treated with allopurinol. When analysis was restricted to the higher‐quality randomized controlled trials, similar changes in systolic and diastolic BPs were found: 3.3 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.8–5.8 mm Hg; P<.001) and 1.4 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.1–2.7 mm Hg; P=.04), respectively. Allopurinol is associated with a small but significant reduction in BP. This effect can be potentially exploited to aid in controlling BP in hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia.
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Uric acid levels are an independent risk factor for cerebro- and cardiovascular death in EPOCH-JAPAN.
“Uric acid levels was also reported as an independent risk factor for cerebro- and cardiovascular death in EPOCH-JAPAN, in which 13 cohort studies in Japan were summarized209).”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [209]
Hyperuricemia can be regarded as a risk factor for ASCVD.
“[Statement]Hyperuricemia can be regarded as a risk factor for ASCVD. (Evidence level: E2)”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [209]
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- Authors
- Agarwal, V., Hans, N., & Messerli, F. H.
- Affiliations
- St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center (US)
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Messerli, Franz H.
- ORCID
- Messerli, Franz H.
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Hypertension
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-08-20
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 435-442
- ISSN
- 1524-6175 (ISSN-L)
- 1751-7176
- PMC
- PMC8033809
- OpenAlex
- W1516957924
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Keywords
- allopurinol, blood pressure, xanthine oxidase inhibitors, hyperuricemia, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive effect
- MeSH terms
- Allopurinol, Blood Pressure, Gout Suppressants, Humans, Hypertension
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