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Cited by 235Pancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes Treatment and ManagementDiabetes and associated disorders

Leucine metabolism in regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells: Nutrition Reviews©, Vol. 68, No. 5

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Yang, Jichun, Chi, Yujing, Burkhardt, Brant R, Guan, Youfei, Wolf, Bryan A·2010·Nutrition Reviews
DOI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00282.xPMC PMC2969169
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Abstract

Leucine, a branched-chain amino acid that must be supplied in the daily diet, plays an important role in controlling protein synthesis and regulating cell metabolism in various cell types. In pancreatic beta cells, leucine acutely stimulates insulin secretion by serving as both metabolic fuel and allosteric activator of glutamate dehydrogenase to enhance glutaminolysis. Leucine has also been shown to regulate gene transcription and protein synthesis in pancreatic islet beta cells via both mTOR-dependent and -independent pathways at physiological concentrations. Long-term treatment with leucine has been shown to improve insulin secretory dysfunction of human diabetic islets via upregulation of certain key metabolic genes. In vivo, leucine administration improves glycemic control in humans and rodents with type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes and discusses the recent findings regarding the effects of leucine metabolism on pancreatic beta-cell function.

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  • Leucine stimulates β-cell electrical activity and insulin secretion by serving both as a metabolic fuel and as an allosteric activator of glutamate dehydrogenase.

    “Leucine stimulates β-cell electrical activity and insulin secretion by serving both as a metabolic fuel and as an allosteric activator of glutamate dehydrogenase (746).”

    From Pancreatic β-Cell Electrical Activity and Insulin Secretion: Of Mice and Men (2018) · cites this paper as [746]

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Authors
Yang, J., Chi, Y., Burkhardt, B. R., Guan, Y., & Wolf, B. A.
Affiliations
  • Peking University (CN)
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
Corresponding author
Yang, Jichun
ORCID
Venue
Nutrition Reviews
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2010-04-28
Volume
68
Issue
5
Pages
270-279
ISSN
  • 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
  • 1753-4887
DOI
10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00282.x
PMC
PMC2969169
OpenAlex
W2146292867
Cited by
235
References
2
Citations by year
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FWCI
2.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01DK070744, DK070744)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
Keywords
leucine metabolism, insulin secretion, pancreatic beta cells, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutaminolysis, mTOR signaling, gene transcription, protein synthesis, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, branched-chain amino acids
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Insulin, Leucine, Insulin-Secreting Cells

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