Ultraviolet wavebands and melanoma initiation
Open accessAbstract
Summary: In view of claims that ultraviolet radiation‐emitting sunbeds are safe, or safe when they emit only longer wavelengths, research findings are reviewed here on the effects of ultraviolet wavebands A and B (UVA, 315–400 nm and UVB, 290–315 nm) on mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in skin, with particular reference to melanocytes and melanoma. Both UVA and UVB radiation have been shown to induce mutations, as well as mutagenic photoproducts such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, in human skin. UVB can induce melanoma in susceptible mice and in xenografted human skin engineered to express melanocyte growth factors. There is evidence for photosensitization of melanocytes by melanin, especially pheomelanin. UVA can induce melanoma in pigmented fish, and melanocytic hyperplasia in pigmented opossums, but has not generally been tested for melanoma induction in pigmented mammals or in human skin. There is no experimental basis for a claim that UVA is safe, and recreational exposure to this known mutagen should be discouraged.
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Pheomelanins act as potent photosensitizers leading to ROS production, apart from conferring a weak protecting capacity against UV radiation.
“Apart from conferring a weak protecting capacity against UV radiation, pheomelanins are known to act as potent photosensitizers leading to ROS production [3,7,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57].”
From “Fifty Shades” of Black and Red or How Carboxyl Groups Fine Tune Eumelanin and Pheomelanin Properties (2016) · cites this paper as [56]
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- Authors
- Bennett, D. C.
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Bennett, Dorothy C.
- ORCID
- Bennett, Dorothy C.
- Venue
- Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-09-18
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 520-524
- ISSN
- 1755-1471 (ISSN-L)
- 1755-148X
- OpenAlex
- W1552185058
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 8.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Cancer Research UK
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Keywords
- ultraviolet radiation, UVA, UV-B radiation, melanoma initiation, sunbeds, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, melanocytes, pheomelanin, melanocytic hyperplasia, carcinogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Animals, Child, Humans, Melanoma, Skin, Skin Neoplasms, Skin Pigmentation, Ultraviolet Rays, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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