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Cited by 1,066Dental Implant Techniques and OutcomesOral microbiology and periodontitis researchPeriodontal Regeneration and Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 165 of the 166 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Peri‐implantitis

Open access
Schwarz, Frank, Derks, Jan, Monje, Alberto, Wang, Hom‐Lay·2018·Journal of Clinical Periodontology
DOI 10.1111/jcpe.12954
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Abstract

Objectives: This narrative review provides an evidence‐based overview on peri‐implantitis for the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions. Methods: A literature review was conducted addressing the following topics: 1) definition of peri‐implantitis; 2) conversion from peri‐implant mucositis to peri‐implantitis, 3) onset and pattern of disease progression, 4) characteristics of peri‐implantitis, 5) risk factors/indicators for peri‐implantitis, and 6) progressive crestal bone loss in the absence of soft tissue inflammation. Conclusions: Peri‐implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri‐implant connective tissue and progressive loss of supporting bone. The histopathologic and clinical conditions leading to the conversion from peri‐implant mucositis to peri‐implantitis are not completely understood. The onset of peri‐implantitis may occur early during follow‐up and the disease progresses in a non‐linear and accelerating pattern. Peri‐implantitis sites exhibit clinical signs of inflammation and increased probing depths compared to baseline measurements. At the histologic level, compared to periodontitis sites, peri‐implantitis sites often have larger inflammatory lesions. Surgical entry at peri‐implantitis sites often reveals a circumferential pattern of bone loss. There is strong evidence that there is an increased risk of developing peri‐implantitis in patients who have a history of chronic periodontitis, poor plaque control skills, and no regular maintenance care after implant therapy. Data identifying “smoking” and “diabetes” as potential risk factors/indicators for peri‐implantitis are inconclusive. There is some limited evidence linking peri‐implantitis to other factors such as: post‐restorative presence of submucosal cement, lack of peri‐implant keratinized mucosa and positioning of implants that make it difficult to perform oral hygiene and maintenance. Evidence suggests that progressive crestal bone loss around implants in the absence of clinical signs of soft tissue inflammation is a rare event.

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Hanselaer L, 2010, De Bruyn H. [Giant cell peripheral granuloma surrounding a dental implant: case report], Revue Belge de Medicine Dentaire (1984), 65, 152

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Metadata

Authors
Schwarz, F., Derks, J., Monje, A., & Wang, H.
Affiliations
  • Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
  • University of Gothenburg (SE)
  • University of Bern (CH)
  • University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Schwarz, Frank
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-06
Volume
45
Issue
S20
Pages
S246-S266
ISSN
  • 0303-6979 (ISSN-L)
  • 1600-051X
DOI
10.1111/jcpe.12954
OpenAlex
W4211043384
Cited by
1,066
References
166
Citations by year
2026: 130 · 2025: 139 · 2024: 186 · 2023: 179 · 2022: 159 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 7
FWCI
13.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 19 d)
Locations
  • Journal Of Clinical Periodontology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Oral Reconstruction Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
Keywords
peri-implantitis, peri-implant mucositis, dental implants, marginal bone loss, disease progression, risk factors, chronic periodontitis, plaque control, smoking, diabetes mellitus, keratinized mucosa, probing depth, histopathology, peri-implant maintenance
MeSH terms
Dental Plaque, Humans, Oral Hygiene, Stomatitis, Dental Implants, Peri-Implantitis

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