Antibacterials dispensed in the community comprise 85%–95% of total human antibacterial consumption
Open accessAbstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Interventions intended to slow the emergence and spread of antibacterial resistance through enhanced antimicrobial stewardship will be more effective if informed by an accurate knowledge of current patterns of antibacterial consumption. For example, knowledge of the relative magnitude of community antibacterial consumption in relation to hospital antibacterial consumption within each nation or region should help guide decisions about the relative importance of community and hospital antimicrobial stewardship programmes. It is commonly stated that community antibacterial consumption comprises approximately 80% of total national antibacterial consumption. We aimed to determine this proportion across a large range of nations. METHODS: We measured community and hospital antibacterial consumption in New Zealand during 2015, from both reimbursement and purchase data, and compared the New Zealand data with those reported from a large range of other nations during similar time periods. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Community antibacterial consumption comprised approximately 85%-95% of total antibacterial consumption in all nations for which data were available, and in New Zealand comprised a higher proportion than in any other nation. The proportion of total antibacterial consumption comprised by community consumption was significantly higher in countries with relatively high levels of total antibacterial consumption than in countries with relatively low levels of total antibacterial consumption. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: The high proportion of total antibacterial consumption comprised by community antibacterial consumption suggests devoting particular attention to improved community antimicrobial stewardship. These results suggest that improving antimicrobial stewardship in the community may provide greater overall benefits in combating antibacterial resistance than improving antimicrobial stewardship in hospitals.
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Community antibacterial consumption comprised approximately 85-95% of total antibacterial consumption in all nations for which data were available.
“A recent study estimated that community antibacterial consumption comprised approximately 85–95% of the total antibacterial consumption in all the nations for which data were available [11].”
From Over-the-Counter Sale of Antibiotics in India: A Qualitative Study of Providers’ Perspectives across Two States (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
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“A recent study estimated that community antibacterial consumption comprised approximately 85–95% of the total antibacterial consumption in all the nations for which data were available [11].”
Background
- Authors
- Duffy, E., Ritchie, S., Metcalfe, S., Van Bakel, B., & Thomas, M. G.
- Affiliations
- Auckland City Hospital (NZ)
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Pharmac (NZ)
- PHARMAC (New Zealand Pharmaceutical Management Agency); Wellington New Zealand
- Corresponding author
- Duffy, E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-08-18
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 59-64
- ISSN
- 0269-4727 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2746168245
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Keywords
- antimicrobial stewardship, antimicrobial resistance, community pharmacy dispensing, cross-national comparison, New Zealand, reimbursement data, antimicrobial use
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Drug Utilization, Hospitals, Humans, New Zealand, Drug Resistance, Bacterial
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