Identification of responders to immune checkpoint therapy: Which biomarkers have the highest value?
Open accessAbstract
Evasion of immune recognition by the innate and acquired immune system is a major principle of tumour cells and belongs to the hallmarks of cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-based cancer therapies targeting the co-inhibitory receptors CTLA-4 or PD-1 have received enormous scientific and clinical attention during the last few years, because of promising clinical results observed in the treatment of different cancer entities including melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. However, the enthusiasm about the effects of the immune checkpoint inhibitors is muted as only a subfraction of patients shows a stable clinical response. To predefine the patient cohorts that may benefit from immune checkpoint therapy, rigorous biomarker analyses, which predict the response to these novel therapies, need to be performed. In addition, combination of immune checkpoint therapy with classical DNA-damaging chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which positively affects tumour neo-antigen presentation, appears to be a promising approach in optimizing patients' response. In this review, we briefly summarize important biomarkers for patient stratification and discuss the current limitations of these biomarkers in defining responders vs. non-responders to immune checkpoint therapy.
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Pembrolizumab has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of a variety of tumour types based on observed robust objective responses and an excellent pharmacokinetic and safety profile.
“Pembrolizumab has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of a variety of tumour types based on the observed robust objective responses and an excellent pharmacokinetic and safety profile [5].”
From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Liebl, M. C., & Hofmann, T. G.
- Affiliations
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hofmann, T.G.
- Venue
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- S8
- Pages
- 52-56
- ISSN
- 0926-9959 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3083
- OpenAlex
- W2996712113
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Gutenberg Open Science (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- Gutenberg Open Science
- Funders
- Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB 1361)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Keywords
- immune checkpoint inhibitors, predictive biomarkers, CTLA-4, PD-1, melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, treatment response prediction, patient stratification, combination therapy with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, tumor immune evasion
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Immunotherapy, Neoplasms, Biomarkers, Tumor, Treatment Outcome
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