Photoprotection: Current developments and controversies
Open accessAbstract
This review aimed at summarizing some of the key points that were discussed during the photoprotection session at the International Forum of Dermatology in 2022. This international conference was designed to address prominent topics of clinical dermatology in a holistic way, allowing to articulate multiple viewpoints. Therefore, this review does not claim to be exhaustive, but is instead intended to give an overview of recent developments and ongoing controversies in the field of photoprotection. Cumulative ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the major aetiological factor in the development of photoageing, photoimunosuppression and photocarcinogenesis. UVA (320–400 nm) penetrates into the dermis and damages DNA and other intracellular and acellular targets primarily by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is the major contributor to photoageing, characterized by fine and coarse wrinkles, dyspigmentation and loss of elasticity. UVB (290–320 nm) is responsible for sunburns through direct damage to DNA by the formation of 6–4 cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine 6–4 pyrimidone photoproducts. Both UVA and UVB exposure increase the risk of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. In recent years, visible light (VL; 400–700 nm) has also been implicated in the exacerbation of conditions aggravated by sun exposure such as hyperpigmentation and melasma. Photoprotection is a critical health strategy to reduce the deleterious effects of UVR and VL. Comprehensive photoprotection strategies include staying in the shade when outdoors, wearing photoprotective clothing including a wide‐brimmed hat, and sunglasses, and the use of sunscreen. Due to the absorption of UV filters, the safety of sunscreens has been questioned. Newer sunscreens are becoming available with filters with absorption even beyond the UV spectrum, offering enhanced protection compared with older products. Prevention of photocarcinogenesis, sun‐induced or sunlight‐exacerbated hyperpigmentary conditions and drug‐induced photosensitivity is an important reason for adopting comprehensive photoprotection strategies.
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- Authors
- Pellacani, G., Lim, H. W., Stockfleth, E., Sibaud, V., Brugués, A. O., & Saint Aroman, M.
- Affiliations
- Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
- Henry Ford Health (US)
- St. Josef-Hospital (DE)
- Institut universitaire du cancer de Toulouse Oncopole (FR)
- Department of Oncodermatology Claudius Regaud Institute and University Cancer Institute Toulouse Oncopole Toulouse France
- Medical Direction Dermo‐Cosmétique & Personal Care Pierre Fabre Group Toulouse France
- Venue
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2024-06-26
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- S5
- Pages
- 12-20
- ISSN
- 0926-9959 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3083
- OpenAlex
- W4400060043
- Semantic Scholar
- b591ce53a4ba1ef85d00c774072c12357eca04ca
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 4.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Keywords
- photoprotection, ultraviolet radiation, UVA, UV-B radiation, photoaging, photocarcinogenesis, photoimmunosuppression, reactive oxygen species, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, sunscreen safety, UV filters, visible light, melasma, hyperpigmentation, drug-induced photosensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Skin Neoplasms, Sunburn, Sunscreening Agents, Ultraviolet Rays, Skin Aging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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