Endothelial nitric oxide deficiency promotes Alzheimer’s disease pathology
Open accessAbstract
Aging and the presence of cerebrovascular disease are associated with increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease. A common feature of aging and cerebrovascular disease is decreased endothelial nitric oxide (NO). We studied the effect of a loss of endothelium derived NO on amyloid precursor protein (APP) related phenotype in late middle aged (LMA) (14–15 month) endothelial nitric oxide synthase deficient ( eNOS −/− ) mice. APP, β‐site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE) 1, and amyloid beta (Aβ) levels were significantly higher in the brains of LMA eNOS −/− mice as compared with LMA wild‐type controls. APP and Aβ 1‐40 were increased in hippocampal tissue of eNOS −/− mice as compared with wild‐type mice. LMA eNOS −/− mice displayed an increased inflammatory phenotype as compared with LMA wild‐type mice. Importantly, LMA eNOS −/− mice performed worse in a radial arm maze test of spatial learning and memory as compared with LMA wild‐type mice. These data suggest that chronic loss of endothelial NO may be an important contributor to both Aβ related pathology and cognitive decline. image Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A common feature of these risk factors is decreased endothelial nitric oxide (NO). We observed, in mice deficient in endothelial nitric oxide synthase, increased amyloid precursor protein (APP), β‐site APP cleaving enzyme 1, amyloid beta levels, microglial activation, and impaired spatial memory. This suggests chronic loss of endothelial NO may be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of sporadic AD.
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“Since NO is critical for vasodilation, cerebral blood flow regulation, and maintenance of BBB integrity, its deficiency worsens hypoperfusion and promotes additional barrier breakdown [127].”
- Authors
- Austin, S. A., Santhanam, A. V., Hinton, D. J., Choi, D., & Katusic, Z. S.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
- ORCID
- Choi, Doo‐Sup
- Venue
- Journal of Neurochemistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-06-27
- Volume
- 127
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 691-700
- ISSN
- 0022-3042 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-4159
- PMC
- PMC3825764
- OpenAlex
- W1968392599
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 8.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (HL-111062, HL-91867)
- Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center
- AHA (0835436N, 12POST8550003)
- Clinical Pharmacology Training Grant (T32 GM08685)
- Samuel Johnson Foundation for Genomics of Addiction Program at Mayo Clinic
- Mayo Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, endothelial nitric oxide, amyloid precursor protein, amyloid-beta, BACE1, hippocampus, microglial activation, neuroinflammation, spatial memory impairment, cognitive decline, cerebrovascular disease, aging, cardiovascular risk factors, eNOS knockout mice
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Encephalitis, Hippocampus, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nitric Oxide, Phenotype, Risk Factors, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Microglia, Mice, Knockout, Maze Learning, Mice, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III, Microvessels
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