Inhibition of human glioma cell proliferation by altered Bax/Bcl-2-p53 expression and apoptosis induction by Rhaponticum carthamoides extracts from transformed and normal roots
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effect and apoptotic activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides transformed root (TR) and root of soil-grown plant (NR) extracts in a human glioma primary cells. The effect of these root extracts on cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (Bcl-2, Bax and p53) were also examined. METHODS: Cytotoxic activity of root extracts was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry. Expression levels of apoptosis-related gene were analysed by RT-PCR and Western blotting. ΔΨm was examined by the use of JC-1 reagent. KEY FINDINGS: Rhaponticum carthamoides root extracts inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in human glioma cells. The root extracts were found to up-regulate the pro-apoptotic Bax protein and down-regulate the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, consequently increasing the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 protein levels. Moreover, an increase of the p53 protein level and reduction of ΔΨm in glioma cells were observed after treatment with NR and TR extracts. CONCLUSION: The results of this study may offer a new insight into the potential anticancer activity of R. carthamoides root extracts.
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Extracts from Rhaponticum carthamoides show antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-adipogenic, and antioxidant activities.
“Extracts from R. carthamoides show a variety of activities, including antibacterial, cytotoxic, anti-adipogenic, and antioxidant [69,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [122]
Investigations into Rhaponticum carthamoides revealed that its extracts are low in toxicity.
“The investigations into R. carthamoides revealed that its extracts are low in toxicity [69,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132].”
From Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition (2024) · cites this paper as [122]
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Ecdysterone and Turkesterone—Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition
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“[122] Efficacy of R. carthamoides against myocardial injury.”
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Self-citationAnti-Adipogenic Activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides and Its Secondary Metabolites
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- Authors
- Skała, E., Sitarek, P., Toma, M., Szemraj, J., Radek, M., Nieborowska-Skorska, M., Skorski, T., Wysokińska, H., & Śliwiński, T.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Lodz (PL)
- University of Łódź (PL)
- Temple University (US)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA,
- Corresponding author
- Skała, Ewa
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-11-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1454-1464
- ISSN
- 0022-3573 (ISSN-L)
- 2042-7158
- OpenAlex
- W2528258967
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Phytochemical Studies and Bioactivities
- Keywords
- Rhaponticum carthamoides, glioma, apoptosis, Bax, Bcl-2, p53, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle arrest, cytotoxicity, root extract, anticancer activity, transformed roots
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Brain Neoplasms, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glioma, Phytotherapy, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Plant Extracts, Plants, Medicinal, Transformation, Bacterial, Blotting, Western, Signal Transduction, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Apoptosis, Plant Roots, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Leuzea, Cell Proliferation, bcl-2-Associated X Protein, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Agrobacterium
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