Contemporary treatment of sexual dysfunction: Reexamining the biopsychosocial model
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The introduction of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors has revolutionized the armamentarium of clinicians in the field of sexual medicine. However, pharmacotherapy as a stand-alone treatment option has been criticized, particularly by psychosocial therapists, as incomplete. Specifically, it is widely argued that drug treatment alone often does not meet the standards of biopsychosocial (BPS) therapy. AIM: A literature review was performed to explore the role of the biopsychosocial paradigm in the treatment of sexual dysfunction and outline some of the key challenges and possible shortcomings in the current application of biopsychosocial treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Published treatment outcomes of integrative biopsychosocial clinical practice, including medical outcomes, psychological and relational factors, treatment of comorbid conditions, cost of treatment, and treatment efficacy, were investigated. METHODS: Using Medline, PubMed, and EMBASE databases, a literature search for articles published from January 1, 1980, to March 1, 2013, was performed, examining current approaches to the biopsychosocial model of sexual dysfunction and sexual medicine. Data were reviewed and combined, allowing characterization of current treatment approaches and recommendations for clinical practice and future research. RESULTS: The biopsychosocial model of treatment appears to have an intuitively obvious meaning (i.e., treatment of all three facets of the patient's biological-psychological-social condition). However, research suggests that clear treatment algorithms are still in development. By virtue of the ongoing development of biopsychosocial methods in sexual medicine, new models and research initiatives may be warranted. The evidence identified allows for characterization of some of the current clinical, professional, financial, and systemic challenges to biopsychosocial treatment, with the aim of helping identify possible directions for future research. CONCLUSION: Implementation of biopsychosocial treatment, though mandated by process-of-care guidelines, may be limited in the field of sexual health owing to resource limitations, limitations in physician training curricula, and structural obstacles preventing interdisciplinary collaboration. Nonetheless, a number of current treatment developments are biopsychosocially integrative, and a number of established models are biopsychosocially informed. These models and concrete strategies may provide a way forward for developing further initiatives to advance BPS treatment.
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Medical specialists may often lack the knowledge and skills to evaluate key psychological determinants of ED.
“Medical specialists, however, may often lack the knowledge and skills to evaluate key psychological determinants of ED.89”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
The tension between theory and practice of biopsychosocial sexual health care may result from insufficient knowledge and lack of explicit clinical guidelines on how to set up and implement an integrated treatment program.
“This tension between theory and practice of biopsychosocial sexual health care may result from insufficient knowledge and lack of explicit clinical guidelines on how to set up and implement an integrated treatment program. Limitations in training curricula and structural obstacles may prevent the actual implementation of the biopsychosocial model.89”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
Implementation of interdisciplinary referral networks and multidisciplinary treatments is still a challenge.
“Although the past decade marks a clear shift towards a multicausal and multi-dimensional conceptualization and treatment of sexual dysfunctions, the implementation of interdisciplinary referral networks and multidisciplinary treatments is still a challenge.89”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
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- Authors
- Berry, M. D., & Berry, P. D.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Pfizer (Australia) (AU)
- Venue
- The Journal of Sexual Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-11-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2627-2643
- ISSN
- 1743-6095 (ISSN-L)
- 1743-6109
- OpenAlex
- W1837285486
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 229
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- The Journal of Sexual Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Sexual function and dysfunction studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- sexual dysfunction, biopsychosocial model, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, integrative therapy, psychosocial interventions, treatment algorithm, interdisciplinary collaboration, physician training, treatment costs, comorbidities, sexual medicine
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Male, Sexual Behavior, Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological, Treatment Outcome, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological
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