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Associations of depression, anxiety and antidepressants with histological severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety are common in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ). However, their associations with histological severity of NAFLD are unknown. Aim: This study examined the association(s) of depression, anxiety and antidepressant pharmacotherapy with severity of histological features in patients with NAFLD . Methods: We analysed 567 patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD enrolled in the Duke NAFLD Clinical Database. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale ( HADS ). The associations of depression and anxiety with severity of histological features of NAFLD were analysed using multiple logistic (or ordinal logistic) regression models with and without adjusting for confounding factors. Result: Subclinical and clinical depression was noted in 53% and 14% of patients respectively. Subclinical and clinical anxiety was noted in 45% and 25% of patients respectively. After adjusting for confounders, depression was significantly associated with more severe hepatocyte ballooning in a dose‐dependent manner (likelihood ratio test, P = 0.0201); adjusted cumulative odds ratio ( COR ) of subclinical and clinical depression for having a higher grade of hepatocyte ballooning were 2.1 [95% CI , 1.0, 4.4] and 3.6 [95% CI , 1.4, 8.8]. Conclusions: In patients with NAFLD , depression was associated with more severe hepatocyte ballooning. Further investigation exploring pathobiological mechanisms underlying the observed associations and potential effects of antidepressant pharmacotherapy on NAFLD liver histology is warranted.
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In the citing paper
“Similar findings were also shown for ANX, as 25% of patients with NAFLD reported moderate/severe symptoms, while 45% reported subclinical ANX symptoms.[14]”
From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“In a large population-based study of 567 patients with NAFLD, [14] Youssef and colleagues showed that 14% of patients endorsed moderate to severe DEP on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), while 53% reported subclinical/mild symptoms of DEP.”
From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“For example, Youssef and colleagues reported that patients endorsing moderate/severe DEP were 3.6 times more likely to present with more severe NAFLD compared with patients endorsing subclinical/no DEP.”
From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“In a large population-based study of 567 patients with NAFLD, [14] Youssef and colleagues showed that 14% of patients endorsed moderate to severe DEP on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), while 53% reported subclinical/mild symptoms of DEP.”
From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“Similar findings were also shown for ANX, as 25% of patients with NAFLD reported moderate/severe symptoms, while 45% reported subclinical ANX symptoms.[14]”
From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Youssef, N. A., Abdelmalek, M. F., Binks, M., Guy, C. D., Omenetti, A., Smith, A. D., Diehl, A. M. E., & Suzuki, A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Binks Behavioral Health PLLC Hillsborough NC USA
- Corresponding author
- Suzuki, Ayako
- ORCID
- Venue
- Liver International
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-04-07
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1062-1070
- ISSN
- 0106-9543 (ISSN-L)
- 1478-3223
- 1478-3231
- OpenAlex
- W2038387606
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 5.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Liver International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, depression, anxiety, antidepressants, histological severity, hepatocyte ballooning, subthreshold depression, liver histopathology, psychiatric comorbidity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Fatty Liver, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, North Carolina, Surveys and Questionnaires, Likelihood Functions, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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