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Cited by 69Liver Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentAlcohol Consumption and Health EffectsLiver Diseases and Immunity

Association between anxiety and depression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Choi, Ji Min, Chung, Goh Eun, Kang, Seung Joo, Kwak, Min-Sun, Yang, Jong In, Park, Boram, Yim, Jeong Yoon·2021·Frontiers in Medicine
DOI 10.3389/fmed.2020.585618PMC PMC7848018
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Abstract

Backgrounds: Depression and anxiety disorder are frequently seen in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the associations between mood disorders and NAFLD have not been fully evaluated. In this study, we investigated the relationship between NAFLD and depression or anxiety in a Korean population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study that included subjects who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and completed a symptom questionnaire for a routine health check-up. NAFLD was diagnosed and graded according to the ultrasonography findings. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. Results: Among the total of 25,333 subjects, the mean age was 47 years (men, 56.2%), and the prevalence rate of NAFLD was 30.9%. In the multivariate analysis, NAFLD showed a significant association with depression [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.43 and 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.80, p = 0.002] in women. Severe NAFLD significantly correlated with state anxiety and trait anxiety (adjusted OR 1.84 and 95% CI 1.01–3.37, p = 0.047 and adjusted OR 2.45 and 95% CI 1.08–4.85, p = 0.018, respectively) in women. Conclusions: There was a higher tendency of women with NAFLD to suffer from depression with increase in steatosis, and severe stage of steatosis was significantly associated with anxiety in the female compared to non-NAFLD. Understanding the association between NAFLD and mood disorders may have clinical implications for reducing the prevalence of comorbidities.

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  • Choi and colleagues reported that the prevalence of both state- and trait-anxiety increased in patients with more severe NAFLD, but only among women.

    “Regarding ANX, Choi and colleagues reported that the prevalence of both state-and trait-ANX (ie, here state-ANX is defined as ANX one feels in the moment while trait-ANX is ANX one generally feels overall) increased in patients with more severe NAFLD, but only among women.[15]”

    From Prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms by liver disease etiology (2023) · cites this paper as [15]

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Authors
Choi, J. M., Chung, G. E., Kang, S. J., Kwak, M.-S., Yang, J. I., Park, B., & Yim, J. Y.
Affiliations
Seoul National University (KR)
Corresponding author
Chung, Goh Eun
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Medicine
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2021-01-18
Volume
7
Pages
585618-585618
ISSN
2296-858X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fmed.2020.585618
PMC
PMC7848018
OpenAlex
W3125113785
Cited by
68
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 3
FWCI
9.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Diseases and Immunity
Keywords
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, sex differences, steatosis severity, liver disease staging, comorbidities, Korean population

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