The quiet revolution in Asia's rice value chains
Abstract
There is a rapid transformation afoot in the rice value chain in Asia. The upstream is changing quickly-farmers are undertaking capital-led intensification and participating in burgeoning markets for land rental, fertilizer and pesticides, irrigation water, and seed, and shifting from subsistence to small commercialized farms; in some areas landholdings are concentrating. Midstream, in wholesale and milling, there is a quiet revolution underway, with thousands of entrepreneurs investing in equipment, increasing scale, diversifying into higher quality, and the segments are undergoing consolidation and vertical coordination and integration. Mills, especially in China, are packaging and branding, and building agent networks in wholesale markets, and large mills are building direct relationships with supermarkets. The downstream retail segment is undergoing a "supermarket revolution," again with the lead in change in China. In most cases the government is not playing a direct role in the market, but enabling this transformation through infrastructural investment. The transformation appears to be improving food security for cities by reducing margins, offering lower consumer rice prices, and increasing quality and diversity of rice. This paper discusses findings derived from unique stacked surveys of all value chain segments in seven zones, more and less developed, around Bangladesh, China, India, and Vietnam.
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The major actors who control the food system have changed dramatically in HIC and LMIC.
“The major actors who control this system have changed dramatically in HIC and LMIC, as described below (13).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [13]
Today integration and control of our farm to fork food supply by major agribusinesses, food manufacturers, retailers, food service companies is more the rule than the exception.
“Today integration and control of our farm to fork food supply by major agribusinesses, food manufacturers, retailers, food service companies is more the rule that the exception (13).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [13]
Many countries retain various forms of state intervention in agriculture and food systems, but policies to liberalize trade and private sector investment have revolutionized the entire sector in many regions.
“Many countries retain various forms of state intervention in agriculture and food systems (18,38–41), but policies to liberalize trade and private sector investment have revolutionized the entire sector in many regions (13,42).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [13]
This process is accelerating across all LMIC markets.
“This process is accelerating across all LMIC markets (13,82,83).”
From Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System (2015) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Reardon, T., Chen, K. Z., Minten, B., Adriano, L., Dao, T. A., Wang, J., & Gupta, S. D.
- Affiliations
- International Food Policy Research Institute (US)
- Asian Development Bank (PH)
- Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VN)
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Reardon, Thomas
- Venue
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-04-15
- Volume
- 1331
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 106-118
- ISSN
- 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
- 1749-6632
- OpenAlex
- W2126852460
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 37.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IFPRI E-brary (International Food Policy Research Institute) (submittedVersion)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion)
- International Food Policy Research Institute (International Food Policy Research Institute) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agricultural Economics and Practices
- Keywords
- rice value chain, value chain transformation, rice milling, wholesale markets, supermarket revolution, vertical integration, land rental markets, agricultural commercialization, food security, urban food supply, China, India, Vietnam, Bangladesh
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Asia, Bangladesh, China, Commerce, Conservation of Natural Resources, Developing Countries, Fertilizers, Food Supply, India, Pesticides, Oryza, Vietnam
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