Cobots: Robots for Collaboration With Human Operators
Abstract
A “cobot” is a robotic device which manipulates objects in collaboration with a human operator. A cobot provides assistance to the human operator by setting up virtual surfaces which can be used to constrain and guide motion. While conventional servo-actuated haptic displays may be used in this way also, an important distinction is that, while haptic displays are active devices which can supply energy to the human operator, cobots are intrinsically passive. This is because cobots do not use servos to implement constraint, but instead employ “steerable” nonholonomic joints. As a consequence of their passivity, cobots are potentially well-suited to safety-critical tasks (e.g. surgery) or those which involve large interaction forces (e.g. automobile assembly). This paper focuses on the simplest possible cobot, which has only a single joint (a steerable wheel). Two control modes of this “unicycle cobot”, termed “virtual caster” and “virtual wall” control, are developed in detail. Experimental results are also presented.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Various forms of mechanical AI have been used in marketing to provide a standardization benefit, including cobots for packaging, drones for distribution, self-service robots for service, and service robots for social presence.
“In marketing, various forms of mechanical AI have been used to provide a standardization benefit; for example, collaborative robots (cobots) help with packaging (Colgate et al. 1996), drones distribute physical goods, self-service robots deliver service, and service robots automate social presence in frontline (Mende et al. 2019; van Doorn et al. 2017).”
From A strategic framework for artificial intelligence in marketing (2021) · cites this paper as Colgate et al. 1996
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A strategic framework for artificial intelligence in marketing
Huang, M.-H., & Rust, R. T. (2021) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9 · Cited by 2,059 · see citing works
“…various forms of mechanical AI have been used to provide a standardization benefit; for example, collaborative robots (cobots) help with packaging (Colgate et al. 1996), drones distribute physical goods, self-service robots deliver service, and service robots auto-mate social presence in…”
BackgroundVillani, V., Pini, F., Leali, F., & Secchi, C. (2018) · Mechatronics · doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009 · Cited by 1,278 · see citing works
Cooperation of human and machines in assembly lines
Krüger, J., Lien, T. K., & Verl, A. W. (2009) · CIRP Annals · doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2009.09.009 · Cited by 846 · see citing works
Human–Robot Collaboration in Manufacturing Applications: A Review
Matheson, E., Minto, R., Zampieri, E. G. G., Faccio, M., & Rosati, G. (2019) · Robotics · doi:10.3390/robotics8040100 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Peshkin, M. A., Colgate, J. E., Wannasuphoprasit, W., Moore, C. A., Gillespie, R. B., & Akella, P. N. (2001) · IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation · doi:10.1109/70.954751 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Self-citationA conceptual framework to evaluate human-robot collaboration
Gervasi, R., Mastrogiacomo, L., & Franceschini, F. (2020) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-020-05363-1 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Autonomy in Physical Human-Robot Interaction: A Brief Survey
Selvaggio, M., Cognetti, M., Nikolaidis, S., Ivaldi, S., & Siciliano, B. (2021) · IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters · doi:10.1109/lra.2021.3100603 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
A Framework to Describe, Analyze and Generate Interactive Motor Behaviors
Jarrassé, N., Charalambous, T., & Burdet, E. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049945 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Murtaza, A. A., Saher, A., Zafar, M. H., Moosavi, S. K. R., Aftab, M. F., & Sanfilippo, F. (2024) · Results in Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.rineng.2024.102935 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
rob@work: Robot assistant in industrial environments
Helms, E., Schraft, R. D., & Hägele, M. (2002) · IEEE RO-MAN · doi:10.1109/roman.2002.1045655 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Human factors in cobot era: a review of modern production systems features
Faccio, M., Granata, I., Menini, A., Milanese, M., Rossato, C., Bottin, M., Minto, R., Pluchino, P., Gamberini, L., Boschetti, G., et al. (2022) · Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing · doi:10.1007/s10845-022-01953-w · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Skill-based instruction of collaborative robots in industrial settings
Schou, C., Andersen, R. S., Chrysostomou, D., Bøgh, S., & Madsen, O. (2018) · Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2018.03.008 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Simões, A. C., Soares, A. L., & Barros, A. C. (2020) · Journal of Engineering and Technology Management · doi:10.1016/j.jengtecman.2020.101574 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Human-robot collaboration in cellular manufacturing: Design and development
Tan, J. T. C., Duan, F., Zhang, Y., Watanabe, K., Kato, R., & Arai, T. (2009) · IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) · doi:10.1109/iros.2009.5354155 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
A general framework for cobot control
Gillespie, R. B., Colgate, J. E., & Peshkin, M. A. (2001) · IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation · doi:10.1109/70.954752 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationRehabilitation and Health Care Robotics
der Loos, H. F. M. V., Reinkensmeyer, D. J., & Guglielmelli, E. (2016) · Springer handbooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32552-1_64 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Slaves no longer: review on role assignment for human–robot joint motor action
Jarrassé, N., Sanguineti, V., & Burdet, E. (2013) · Adaptive Behavior · doi:10.1177/1059712313481044 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Significant applications of Cobots in the field of manufacturing
Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R. P., Rab, S., & Suman, R. (2022) · Cognitive Robotics · doi:10.1016/j.cogr.2022.10.001 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
PowerMate-A Safe and Intuitive Robot Assistant for Handling and Assembly Tasks
Schraft, R. D., Meyer, C., Parlitz, C., & Helms, E. (2005) · Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/robot.2005.1570745 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
A Skill-based Robot Co-worker for Industrial Maintenance Tasks
Koch, P., van Amstel, M. K., Dębska, P., Thormann, M. A., Tetzlaff, A. J., Bøgh, S., & Chrysostomou, D. (2017) · Procedia Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.141 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Paulíková, A., Babeľová, Z. G., & Ubárová, M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18041927 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Oliveira, R., Arriaga, P., Santos, F. P., Mascarenhas, S. F., & Paiva, A. (2020) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106547 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The future African workplace: The use of collaborative robots in manufacturing
Calitz, A. P., Poisat, P., & Cullen, M. (2017) · SA Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.4102/sajhrm.v15i0.901 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Human Robot Collaboration in Industry 4.0: a literature review
Baratta, A., Cimino, A., Gnoni, M. G., & Longo, F. (2023) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2022.12.389 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Patented intelligence: Cloning human decision models for Industry 4.0
Terziyan, V. Y., Gryshko, S., & Golovianko, M. (2018) · Journal of Manufacturing Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jmsy.2018.04.019 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Explainable AI for Industry 5.0: Vision, Architecture, and Potential Directions
Trivedi, C., Bhattacharya, P., Prasad, V. K., Patel, V., Singh, A., Tanwar, S., Sharma, R., Aluvala, S., Pau, G., & Sharma, G. (2024) · IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/ojia.2024.3399057 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Robotic volumetric PIV of a full-scale cyclist
Jux, C., Sciacchitano, A., Schneiders, J. F. G., & Scarano, F. (2018) · Experiments in Fluids · doi:10.1007/s00348-018-2524-1 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Sensor-Based Control for Collaborative Robots: Fundamentals, Challenges, and Opportunities
Cherubini, A., & Navarro-Alarcón, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurorobotics · doi:10.3389/fnbot.2020.576846 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Responsible AI in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities
(2023) · Social and Cultural Studies of Robots and AI · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08215-3 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Emotion-Driven Analysis and Control of Human-Robot Interactions in Collaborative Applications
Eyam, A. T., Mohammed, W. M., & Lastra, J. L. M. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21144626 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Robot Assistants at Manual Workplaces: Effective Co-operation and Safety Aspects
Hägele, M., Schaaf, W., & Helms, E. (2002) · Cited by 78 · see citing works
A structured methodology for the design of a human-robot collaborative assembly workplace
Mateus, J. C., Claeys, D., Limère, V., Cottyn, J., & Aghezzaf, E. (2019) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-019-03356-3 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Rijwani, T., Kumari, S., Srinivas, R., Abhishek, K., Iyer, G., Vara, H., Dubey, S., Revathi, V., & Gupta, M. (2024) · International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) · doi:10.1007/s12008-024-01943-7 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Fear of robots at work: the role of economic self-interest
Dekker, F., Salomons, A., & van der Waal, J. (2017) · Socio-Economic Review · doi:10.1093/ser/mwx005 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
An assistive robotic agent for pedestrian mobility
Wasson, G., Gunderson, J., Graves, S., & Felder, R. A. (2001) · Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agents Systems · doi:10.1145/375735.376038 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
The History of the Mobot Museum Robot Series: An Evolutionary Study
Willeke, T., Kunz, C., & Nourbakhsh, I. (2001) · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Designing personal tele-embodiment
Paulos, E., & Canny, J. (2002) · Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/robot.1998.680913 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Wannasuphoprasit, W., Gillespie, R. B., Colgate, J. E., & Peshkin, M. A. (2002) · Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/robot.1997.606888 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Self-citationAvila-Tomás, J. F., Mayer, M. Á., & Varela, V. J. Q. (2020) · Atención Primaria · doi:10.1016/j.aprim.2020.04.013 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
From rituals to magic: Interactive art and HCI of the past, present, and future
Jeon, M., Fiebrink, R. A., Edmonds, E. A., & Herath, D. C. (2019) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.06.005 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Weintrop, D., Afzal, A., Salac, J., Francis, P., Li, B., Shepherd, D. C., & Franklin, D. M. (2018) · CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA) · doi:10.1145/3170427.3186599 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Designing Social Cues for Collaborative Robots
Terzioğlu, Y., Mutlu, B., & Şahi̇n, E. (2020) · ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) · doi:10.1145/3319502.3374829 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Robotics and Virtual Reality: A Perfect Marriage for Motor Control Research and Rehabilitation
Patton, J. L., Dawe, G., Scharver, C., Mussa-Ivaldi, F. A., & Kenyon, R. V. (2006) · Assistive Technology · doi:10.1080/10400435.2006.10131917 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Review on Human–Robot Interaction During Collaboration in a Shared Workspace
Galin, R., & Meshcheryakov, R. V. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-26118-4_7 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Intelligent Assist Systems for Flexible Assembly
Krüger, J., Bernhardt, R., Šurdilović, D., & Spur, G. (2006) · CIRP Annals · doi:10.1016/s0007-8506(07)60359-x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Shah, R., Doss, A. S. A., & Lakshmaiya, N. (2025) · Results in Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105704 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Towards human-robot collaboration in meat processing: Challenges and possibilities
Romanov, D., Korostynska, O., Lekang, O.-I., & Mason, A. (2022) · Journal of Food Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111117 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Smart Interactive Technologies in the Human-Centric Factory 5.0: A Survey
Brunetti, D., Cristina Gena, A., & Vernero, F. (2022) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app12167965 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Adriaensen, A., Decré, W., & Pintelon, L. M. (2019) · Safety · doi:10.3390/safety5040065 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Gervasi, R., Capponi, M., Mastrogiacomo, L., & Franceschini, F. (2023) · Production Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11740-023-01230-6 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Mastering the Working Sequence in Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly Based on Reinforcement Learning
Tian, Y., Huang, J., & Chang, Q. (2020) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2020.3021904 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Eglash, R., Robert, L., Bennett, A., Robinson, K. P., Lachney, M., & Babbitt, W. (2019) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-019-00915-w · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Weintrop, D., Afzal, A., Salac, J., Francis, P., Li, B., Shepherd, D. C., & Franklin, D. M. (2018) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3173574.3173940 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Designing an AR interface to improve trust in Human-Robots collaboration
Palmarini, R., del Amo, I. F., Bertolino, G., Dini, G., Erkoyuncu, J. A., Roy, R., & Farnsworth, M. (2018) · Procedia CIRP · doi:10.1016/j.procir.2018.01.009 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
de Villiers, R. (2020) · Meditari Accountancy Research · doi:10.1108/medar-04-2020-0867 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Towards human–robot collaboration in construction: current cobot trends and forecasts
Burden, A. G., Caldwell, G. A., & Guertler, M. R. (2022) · Construction Robotics · doi:10.1007/s41693-022-00085-0 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
The Stereotype Content Model Applied to Human-Robot Interactions in Groups
Oliveira, R., Arriaga, P., Correia, F., & Paiva, A. (2019) · ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) · doi:10.1109/hri.2019.8673171 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
A hybrid approach to user-oriented programming of collaborative robots
Fogli, D., Gargioni, L., Guida, G., & Tampalini, F. (2021) · Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2021.102234 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Erebak, S., & Turgut, T. (2021) · The Journal of High Technology Management Research · doi:10.1016/j.hitech.2021.100419 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Faccio, M., Minto, R., Rosati, G., & Bottin, M. (2019) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-019-04670-6 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Human-Multirobot Collaborative Mobile Manipulation: The Omnid Mocobots
Elwin, M. L., Strong, B., Freeman, R. A., & Lynch, K. (2022) · IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters · doi:10.1109/lra.2022.3226366 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Comparing Virtual Reality Interfaces for the Teleoperation of Robots
Hetrick, R., Amerson, N., Kim, B., Rosen, E., de Visser, E. J., & Phillips, E. K. (2020) · Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium · doi:10.1109/sieds49339.2020.9106630 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The paradigm shift of mass customisation research
Kim, S., & Lee, K. (2022) · International Journal of Production Research · doi:10.1080/00207543.2022.2081629 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
A skill-based approach towards hybrid assembly
Wallhoff, F., Blume, J., Bannat, A., Rösel, W., Lenz, C., & Knoll, A. (2010) · Advanced Engineering Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.aei.2010.05.013 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Safety Strategy for Human–Robot Collaboration: Design and Development in Cellular Manufacturing
Tan, J. T. C., Duan, F., Kato, R., & Arai, T. (2010) · Advanced Robotics · doi:10.1163/016918610x493633 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Kim, W., Balatti, P., Lamon, E., & Ajoudani, A. (2020) · Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/icra40945.2020.9197115 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
MEGURU: a gesture-based robot program builder for Meta-Collaborative workstations
Nuzzi, C., Pasinetti, S., Pagani, R., Ghidini, S., Beschi, M., Coffetti, G., & Sansoni, G. (2020) · Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2020.102085 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Multi-robot multi-operator collaborative assembly systems: a performance evaluation model
Boschetti, G., Bottin, M., Faccio, M., & Minto, R. (2021) · Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing · doi:10.1007/s10845-020-01714-7 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Performance Analysis of Body Tracking with the Microsoft Azure Kinect
Romeo, L., Marani, R., Malosio, M., Perri, A. G., & D’Orazio, T. (2021) · Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED) · doi:10.1109/med51440.2021.9480177 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
New intelligent power-assist systems based on differential transmission
Šurdilović, D., Bernhardt, R., & Zhang, L. (2003) · Robotica · doi:10.1017/s0263574702004800 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Boschetti, G., Faccio, M., & Granata, I. (2022) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics12010167 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Kana, S., Tee, K.-P., & Campolo, D. (2020) · Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2020.102033 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Effective Shared Control in Cooperative Mobility Aids
Wasson, G., Gunderson, J. P., Graves, S., & Felder, R. A. (2001) · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Murali, P. K., Darvish, K., & Mastrogiovanni, F. (2020) · Intelligent Service Robotics · doi:10.1007/s11370-020-00332-9 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Power assist devices for installing plaster panels in construction
de Santos, P. G., Estremera, J., García, E., & Armada, M. (2007) · Automation in Construction · doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2007.08.006 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Safety design and development of human-robot collaboration in cellular manufacturing
Tan, J. T. C., Duan, F., Ye, Z., Kato, R., & Arai, T. (2009) · IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE) · doi:10.1109/coase.2009.5234120 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Iterative virtual guides programming for human-robot comanipulation
Restrepo, S. S., Raiola, G., Chevalier, P., Lamy, X., & Sidobre, D. (2017) · IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM) · doi:10.1109/aim.2017.8014021 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Performance of Robotic Augmentation in Microsurgery-Scale Motions
Kumar, R., Goradia, T. M., Barnes, A. C., Jensen, P. S., Whitcomb, L. L., Stoianovici, D. S., Auer, L. M., & Taylor, R. H. (1999) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/10704282_120 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Smart tangible displays in the everyday world: a haptic door knob
MacLean, K. E., & Roderick, J. (1999) · IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics · doi:10.1109/aim.1999.803167 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Design and Prototype of a Tunable Stiffness Arm for Safe Human-Robot Interaction
She, Y., Su, H., Lai, C., & Meng, D. (2016) · doi:10.1115/detc2016-59523 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Development of n-DoF Preloaded Structures for Impact Mitigation in Cobots
Seriani, S., Gallina, P., Scalera, L., & Lughi, V. (2018) · Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics · doi:10.1115/1.4040632 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A general cost model to assess the implementation of collaborative robots in assembly processes
Barravecchia, F., Mastrogiacomo, L., & Franceschini, F. (2023) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-023-10942-z · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Computational Model of Robot Trust in Human Co-Worker for Physical Human-Robot Collaboration
Wang, Q., Liu, D., Carmichael, M. G., Aldini, S., & Lin, C. (2022) · IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters · doi:10.1109/lra.2022.3145957 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
WHEN IS A ROBOT A COBOT? MOVING BEYOND MANUFACTURING AND ARM-BASED COBOT MANIPULATORS
Guertler, M. R., Tomidei, L., Sick, N., Carmichael, M. G., Paul, G., Wambsganss, A., Moreno, V. H., & Hussain, S. (2023) · Proceedings of the Design Society · doi:10.1017/pds.2023.390 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Practical Development of Skill-Assist
Konosu, H., Araki, I., & Yamada, Y. (2004) · Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan · doi:10.7210/jrsj.22.508 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A collaborative-shared control system with safe obstacle avoidance capability
Shen, J., Ibanez-Guzman, J., Ng, T. C., & Chew, B.-S. (2005) · IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics (RAM) · doi:10.1109/ramech.2004.1438902 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
From Robots to Robot Assistants
Hægele, M., Neugebauer, J., & Schraft, R. D. (2001) · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Li, H.-Y., Dharmawan, A. G., Paranawithana, I., Yang, L., & Tan, U.-X. (2020) · Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems · doi:10.1007/s10846-020-01176-2 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Mechanisms and capabilities for human robot collaboration
Lenz, C., & Knoll, A. (2014) · IEEE RO-MAN · doi:10.1109/roman.2014.6926329 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Application of the Assembly Skill Transfer System in an Actual Cellular Manufacturing System
Duan, F., Tan, J. T. C., Tong, J. G., Kato, R., & Arai, T. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering · doi:10.1109/tase.2011.2163818 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The Franka Emika Robot: A Standard Platform in Robotics Research [Survey]
Haddadin, S. (2024) · IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine · doi:10.1109/mra.2024.3451788 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Collaboration Planning by Task Analysis in Human-Robot Collaborative Manufacturing System
Tan, J. T. C., Duan, F., Kato, R., & Arai, T. (2010) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/9543 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Contact Force Perception With an Ungrounded Haptic Interface
Richard, C., & Cutkosky, M. R. (1997) · Dynamic Systems and Control · doi:10.1115/imece1997-0395 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Learning Optimal Impedance Control During Complex 3D Arm Movements
Naceri, A., Schumacher, T., Li, Q., Calinon, S., & Ritter, H. J. (2021) · IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters · doi:10.1109/lra.2021.3056371 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Design and Modeling of a Compliant Link for Inherently Safe Corobots
She, Y., Su, H., Meng, D., Song, S., & Wang, J. (2017) · Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics · doi:10.1115/1.4038530 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cohesion in human–autonomy teams: an approach for future research
Lakhmani, S. G., Neubauer, C. E., Krausman, A., Fitzhugh, S. M., Berg, S. K., Wright, J. L., Rovira, E. M., Blackman, J., & Schaefer, K. E. (2022) · Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science · doi:10.1080/1463922x.2022.2033876 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Bergamasco, M., & Herr, H. (2016) · Springer handbooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32552-1_70 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Human Robot Interaction – learning how to integrate collaborative robots into manual assembly lines
Oberc, H., Prinz, C., Glogowski, P., Lemmerz, K., & Kuhlenkötter, B. (2019) · Procedia Manufacturing · doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2019.03.005 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Integration of Deep Learning Vision Systems in Collaborative Robotics for Real-Time Applications
Terras, N., Pereira, F. A. D. S., Silva, A. R., Santos, A. A., Lopes, A. M., da Silva, A. F., Cartal, L. A., Apostolescu, T. C., Badea, F., & Machado, J. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15031336 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Base part centered assembly task precedence generation
Mateus, J. C., Claeys, D., Limère, V., Cottyn, J., & Aghezzaf, E. (2020) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-019-04864-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
- Authors
- Colgate, J. E., Wannasuphoprasit, W., & Peshkin, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Venue
- Dynamic Systems and Control
- Published
- 1996-11-17
- Pages
- 433-439
- OpenAlex
- W2979613320
- Cited by
- 379
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.87
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Dynamic Systems and Control (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Robot Manipulation and Learning
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Control and Dynamics of Mobile Robots
- Keywords
- collaborative robots, human-robot collaboration, passivity, steerable wheels, haptic display, motion constraints, robot safety, surgical robotics, automotive assembly
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
