Evaluation of a policy to integrate physical activity into the school day
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Implementing physical activity (PA) within academic curricula increases energy expenditure and enhances academic achievement in elementary students. The purposes of the study were to determine the extent teachers met the 20-minute PA policy, identify how teachers met the policy, and measure the level of intensity of PA provided. METHODS: Four elementary schools (grades K-5; 68 classroom teachers) implemented a district-mandated 20-minute PA policy. Teachers recorded PA for 1 week in September 2010 and February 2011. A sample of 142 students (grades K-5) wore accelerometers to measure school day PA. RESULTS: While 40% and 4% of teachers in September and February respectively met the policy all 5 days, 72.5% and 45.7% of teachers in September and February respectively implemented PA at least 3 days/week. Accelerometry results indicated curriculum-based lessons (CBL; 59.92 ± 20.38 min) or walk/run periods (51.56 ± 18.67 min) significantly increased school day MVPA (P < .05) above no additional activity (30.96 ± 22.57 min). CONCLUSIONS: Although the teachers did not meet the 20-minute policy every day, the increased amount of PA achieved each week through the teachers' efforts is a significant contributor to total daily PA levels of children.
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A number of included studies used objective PA assessment only in a subpopulation.
“A number of studies used objective PA assessment only in a subpopulation”
From A mixed-studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children (2020) · cites this paper as [95]
Using objective PA assessment only in a subpopulation may have introduced selection bias.
“which may have introduced selection bias”
From A mixed-studies systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions to promote physical activity and/or reduce sedentary time in children (2020) · cites this paper as [95]
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- Authors
- Holt, E., Bartee, T., & Heelan, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Nebraska at Kearney (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Physical Activity and Health
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 480-487
- ISSN
- 1543-3080 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-5474
- OpenAlex
- W2134259396
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Physical Activity and Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Pedagogy
- Keywords
- school physical activity policy, elementary school students, teacher compliance, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, accelerometer-measured activity, energy expenditure, academic performance
- MeSH terms
- Child, Curriculum, Health Policy, Humans, Motor Activity, School Health Services, Schools, Program Evaluation, Accelerometry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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