Cited by 550Physical Activity and HealthSchool Health and Nursing EducationHealth Policy Implementation Science

Implementation of school based physical activity interventions: A systematic review

Naylor, Patti-Jean, Nettlefold, Lindsay, Race, Douglas, Hoy, Christa, Ashe, Maureen C., Wharf Higgins, Joan, McKay, Heather A.·2015·Preventive Medicine

Abstract

Objective Implementation science is an emerging area in physical activity (PA) research. We sought to establish the current state of the evidence related to implementation of school-based PA models to explore 1) the relationship between implementation and health outcomes, and 2) factors that influence implementation.Methods We searched 7 electronic databases (1995-2014) and included controlled studies of school-based PA programmes for healthy youth (6-18 y) measuring at least one physical health-related outcome. For objective 1, studies linked implementation level to student-level health outcome(s). For objective 2, studies reported factors associated with implementation.Results There was substantial variability in how health outcomes and implementation were assessed. Few studies linked implementation and health outcomes (n=15 interventions). Most (11/15) reported a positive relationship between implementation and at least one health outcome. Implementation factors were reported in 29 interventions. Of 22 unique categories, time was the most prevalent influencing factor followed by resource availability/quality and supportive school climate.Conclusions Implementation evaluation supports scale-up of effective school-based PA interventions and thus population-level change. Our review serves as a call to action to 1) address the link between implementation and outcome within the school-based PA literature and 2) improve and standardize definitions and measurement of implementation.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.034

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Authors
Naylor, P.-J., Nettlefold, L., Race, D., Hoy, C., Ashe, M. C., Wharf Higgins, J., & McKay, H. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Victoria (CA)
  • Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (CA)
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author
Naylor, Patti-Jean
Venue
Preventive Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-03
Volume
72
Pages
95-115
ISSN
0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2034890994
Cited by
550
References
100
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 7 · 2012: 1
FWCI
4.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (90871_1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
Keywords
school-based physical activity intervention, implementation science, implementation factors, children's physical activity, physical health outcomes, school climate, resource availability, scaling up interventions, implementation measurement
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Child, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, School Health Services, Exercise, Outcome Assessment, Health Care

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