Cited by 1,607Cardiovascular and exercise physiologySport Psychology and PerformanceMotivation and Self-Concept in Sports

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Not What, but How One Feels: The Measurement of Affect during Exercise

Hardy, Charles J., Rejeski, W. Jack·1989·Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology

DOI 10.1123/jsep.11.3.304

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Abstract

Three experiments are presented that evaluate the feeling scale (FS) as a measure of affect during exercise. In Experiment 1,.subjects were instructed to check adjectives on the MAACL-R that they would associate with either a "good" or a "bad" feeling during exercise. As predicted, discriminant function analysis indicated that the good/bad dimension of the FS appears to represent a core of emotional expression. In Experiment 2, subjects rated how they felt during exercise at a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 11, 15, and 19. There was considerable heterogeneity in FS for each given RPE. Moreover, RPEs and FS ratings were only moderately correlated, r= - .56, suggesting that phenomenologically the two constructs are not isomorphic. Experiment 3 involved three 4-min bouts of exercise at 30, 60, and 90% V0 2 max. Assessed were pre- and post-exercise affect as. .well as RPEs, responses to the FS, V e , RR, and VO 2 . Results revealed that RPE and the FS were moderately related, but only at easy and hard workloads. FS ratings evidenced greater variability as metabolic demands increased, and RPEs consistently had stronger ties to physiologic cues than responses to the FS. The theoretical and pragmatic implications of these data are discussed.

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Authors: Hardy, C. J., & Rejeski, W. J.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Wake Forest University (US)
ORCID: Rejeski, W. Jack
Venue: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Published: 1989-09
Volume: 11
Issue: 3
Pages: 304-317
ISSN: 0895-2779 (ISSN-L)
1543-2904
DOI: 10.1123/jsep.11.3.304
OpenAlex: W2164477804
Cited by: 1,607
References: 14
Citations by year: 2026: 105 · 2025: 134 · 2024: 118 · 2023: 113 · 2022: 130 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 133 · 2018: 109 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 61 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 32
FWCI: 6.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Keywords: Feeling Scale, rating of perceived exertion, emotional expression, exercise intensity, heart rate, oxygen consumption, physiological cues, construct validity

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Not What, but How One Feels: The Measurement of Affect during Exercise

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