The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A 10-micrometer-thick nanomesh-reinforced gas-permeable hydrogel skin sensor for long-term electrophysiological monitoring
Open accessAbstract
Hydrogel-enabled skin bioelectronics that can continuously monitor health for extended periods is crucial for early disease detection and treatment. However, it is challenging to engineer ultrathin gas-permeable hydrogel sensors that can self-adhere to the human skin for long-term daily use (>1 week). Here, we present a ~10-micrometer-thick polyurethane nanomesh–reinforced gas-permeable hydrogel sensor that can self-adhere to the human skin for continuous and high-quality electrophysiological monitoring for 8 days under daily life conditions. This research involves two key steps: (i) material design by gelatin-based thermal-dependent phase change hydrogels and (ii) robust thinness geometry achieved through nanomesh reinforcement. The resulting ultrathin hydrogels exhibit a thickness of ~10 micrometers with superior mechanical robustness, high skin adhesion, gas permeability, and anti-drying performance. To highlight the potential applications in early disease detection and treatment that leverage the collective features, we demonstrate the use of ultrathin gas-permeable hydrogels for long-term, continuous high-precision electrophysiological monitoring under daily life conditions up to 8 days.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kim, D.-H., Lu, N., Ma, R., Kim, Y.-S., Kim, R.-H., Wang, S., Wu, J., Won, S. M., Tao, H., Islam, A., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1206157 · Cited by 4,836
Hammock, M. L., Chortos, A., Tee, B. C. ‐., Tok, J. B. ‐., & Bao, Z. (2013) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201302240 · Cited by 2,396
Yuk, H., Lu, B., & Zhao, X. (2019) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c8cs00595h · Cited by 2,108
Yang, C., & Suo, Z. (2018) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-018-0018-7 · Cited by 1,709
Strong tough hydrogels via the synergy of freeze-casting and salting out
Hua, M., Wu, S., Ma, Y., Zhao, Y., Chen, Z., Frenkel, I., Strzalka, J., Zhou, H., Zhu, X., & He, X. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03212-z · Cited by 1,519
The stiffness of living tissues and its implications for tissue engineering
Guimarães, C. F., Gasperini, L., Marques, A. P., & Reis, R. L. (2020) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-019-0169-1 · Cited by 1,515
Sun, J., Keplinger, C., Whitesides, G. M., & Suo, Z. (2014) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201403441 · Cited by 1,198
Inflammation-free, gas-permeable, lightweight, stretchable on-skin electronics with nanomeshes
Miyamoto, A., Lee, S., Cooray, N. F., Lee, S., Mori, M., Matsuhisa, N., Jin, H., Yoda, L., Yokota, T., Itoh, A., et al. (2017) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2017.125 · Cited by 1,181
Self-citationHan, L., Liu, K., Wang, M., Wang, K., Fang, L., Chen, H., Zhou, J., & Lu, X. (2018) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201704195 · Cited by 1,160
Ma, Z., Huang, Q., Xu, Q., Zhuang, Q., Zhao, X., Yang, Y., Qiu, H., Yang, Z., Wang, C., Chai, Y., et al. (2021) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/s41563-020-00902-3 · Cited by 772
Self-citationMuscle-Inspired Self-Healing Hydrogels for Strain and Temperature Sensor
Ge, G., Lu, Y., Qu, X., Zhao, W., Ren, Y., Wang, W., Wang, Q., Huang, W., & Dong, X. (2020) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b07874 · Cited by 732
Hydrogel interfaces for merging humans and machines
Yuk, H., Wu, J., & Zhao, X. (2022) · Nature Reviews Materials · doi:10.1038/s41578-022-00483-4 · Cited by 661
Nanomesh pressure sensor for monitoring finger manipulation without sensory interference
Lee, S., Franklin, S., Hassani, F. A., Yokota, T., Nayeem, M. O. G., Wang, Y., Leib, R., Cheng, G., Franklin, D. W., & Someya, T. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc9735 · Cited by 640
Self-citationLiu, K., Ouyang, B., Guo, X., Guo, Y., & Liu, Y. (2022) · npj Flexible Electronics · doi:10.1038/s41528-022-00133-3 · Cited by 554
An electrically conductive silver–polyacrylamide–alginate hydrogel composite for soft electronics
Ohm, Y., Pan, C., Ford, M. J., Huang, X., Liao, J., & Majidi, C. (2021) · Nature Electronics · doi:10.1038/s41928-021-00545-5 · Cited by 546
Sui, X., Guo, H., Cai, C., Li, Q., Wen, C., Zhang, X., Wang, X., Yang, J., & Zhang, L. (2021) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.129478 · Cited by 445
Self-citationConductive Hydrogel- and Organohydrogel-Based Stretchable Sensors
Wu, Z., Yang, X., & Wu, J. (2021) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.0c21841 · Cited by 393
Lim, C., Hong, Y. J., Jung, J., Shin, Y., Sunwoo, S.-H., Baik, S., Park, O. K., Choi, S. H., Hyeon, T., Kim, J. H., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abd3716 · Cited by 365
Self-citationHussain, G., Wang, J., Rasul, A., Anwar, H., Qasim, M., Zafar, S., Aziz, N., Razzaq, A., Hussain, R., de Aguilar, J.-L. G., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.35653 · Cited by 323
Skin bioelectronics towards long-term, continuous health monitoring
Wang, Y., Haick, H., Guo, S., Wang, C., Lee, S., Yokota, T., & Someya, T. (2022) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d2cs00207h · Cited by 318
Self-citationUltrathin Hydrogel Films toward Breathable Skin‐Integrated Electronics
Cheng, S., Lou, Z., Zhang, L., Guo, H., Wang, Z., Guo, C., Fukuda, K., Ma, S., Wang, G., Someya, T., et al. (2023) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202206793 · Cited by 291
Self-citationWang, Y., Lee, S., Yokota, T., Wang, H., Jiang, Z., Wang, J., Koizumi, M., & Someya, T. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb7043 · Cited by 277
Self-citationUltrasoft electronics to monitor dynamically pulsing cardiomyocytes
Lee, S., Sasaki, D., Kim, D., Mori, M., Yokota, T., Lee, H., Park, S., Fukuda, K., Sekino, M., Matsuura, K., et al. (2019) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0331-8 · Cited by 269
Self-citationFatigue-free artificial ionic skin toughened by self-healable elastic nanomesh
Wang, J., Wu, B., Wei, P., Sun, S., & Wu, P. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32140-3 · Cited by 258
Tissue adhesive hydrogel bioelectronics
Li, S., Cong, Y., & Fu, J. (2021) · Journal of Materials Chemistry B · doi:10.1039/d1tb00523e · Cited by 257
Highly Conformable, Transparent Electrodes for Epidermal Electronics
Kim, J.-H., Kim, S.-R., Kil, H.-J., Kim, Y.-C., & Park, J.-W. (2018) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01743 · Cited by 252
On-skin paintable biogel for long-term high-fidelity electroencephalogram recording
Wang, C., Wang, H., Wang, B., Miyata, H., Wang, Y., Nayeem, M. O. G., Kim, J. J., Lee, S., Yokota, T., Onodera, H., et al. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abo1396 · Cited by 248
Self-citationLi, S., Pan, H., Wang, Y., & Sun, J. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/c9ta13213a · Cited by 247
Self-citationWu, M., Wang, X., Xia, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhu, S., Jia, C., Guo, W., Li, Q., & Yan, Z. (2022) · Nano Energy · doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.106967 · Cited by 244
Tang, N., Zhang, R., Zheng, Y., Wang, J., Khatib, M., Jiang, X., Zhou, C., Omar, R., Saliba, W., Wu, W., et al. (2022) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202106842 · Cited by 243
Self-citationTissue-adhesive wirelessly powered optoelectronic device for metronomic photodynamic cancer therapy
Yamagishi, K., Kirino, I., Takahashi, I., Amano, H., Takeoka, S., Morimoto, Y., & Fujie, T. (2018) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-018-0261-7 · Cited by 241
Pan, X., Wang, Q., Ning, D., Dai, L., Liu, K., Ni, Y., Chen, L., & Huang, L. (2018) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00657 · Cited by 228 · cited 2×
“For the design of hydrogel material, borax was used as the cross-linking agent, which can dissociate into borate ions and boric acid and react with gelatin and glycerol to form intertwined network structures ( 43 ).”
Xu, J., Wang, G., Wu, Y., Ren, X., & Gao, G. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.9b08369 · Cited by 201
Chan Choi, Y., Choi, J. S., Jung, Y. J., & Cho, Y. W. (2014) · J. Mater. Chem. B · doi:10.1039/c3tb20696c · Cited by 172
A Compliant Ionic Adhesive Electrode with Ultralow Bioelectronic Impedance
Pan, L., Cai, P., Mei, L., Cheng, Y., Zeng, Y., Wang, M., Wang, T., Jiang, Y., Ji, B., Li, D., et al. (2020) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202003723 · Cited by 167
Ding, Q., Wu, Z., Tao, K., Wei, Y., Wang, W., Yang, B.-R., Xie, X., & Wu, J. (2022) · Materials Horizons · doi:10.1039/d1mh01871j · Cited by 163
Niu, W., Tian, Q., Liu, Z., & Liu, X. (2023) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202304157 · Cited by 161
Gao, Q., Sun, F., Li, Y., Li, L., Liu, M., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Li, T., Liu, L., Feng, S., et al. (2023) · Nano-Micro Letters · doi:10.1007/s40820-023-01096-4 · Cited by 160
Self-citationSkin-Friendly Electronics for Acquiring Human Physiological Signatures
Zhang, Y., & Tao, T. H. (2019) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201905767 · Cited by 140
Wang, Y., Lee, S., Wang, H., Jiang, Z., Jimbo, Y., Wang, C., Wang, B., Kim, J. J., Koizumi, M., Yokota, T., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2111904118 · Cited by 131
Self-citationXue, H., Wang, D., Jin, M., Gao, H., Wang, X., Long, X., Li, D., Sun, K., Wang, H., Dong, X., et al. (2023) · Microsystems & Nanoengineering · doi:10.1038/s41378-023-00524-0 · Cited by 123
Self-citationPathway to Developing Permeable Electronics
Huang, Q., & Zheng, Z. (2022) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.2c08091 · Cited by 120
Ultrafast and Programmable Shape Memory Hydrogel of Gelatin Soaked in Tannic Acid Solution
Yang, S., Zhang, Y., Wang, T., Sun, W., & Tong, Z. (2020) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.0c13531 · Cited by 115
Transparent stretchable hydrogel sensors: materials, design and applications
Liu, Y., Wang, L., Mi, Y., Zhao, S., Qi, S., Sun, M., Peng, B., Xu, Q., Niu, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2022) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/d2tc01104b · Cited by 115
Zahed, M. A., Sharifuzzaman, M., Yoon, H., Asaduzzaman, M., Kim, D. K., Jeong, S., Pradhan, G. B., Shin, Y. D., Yoon, S. H., Sharma, S., et al. (2022) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202208344 · Cited by 112
Wei, S., Yin, R., Tang, T., Wu, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, P., Wang, K., Mei, M., Zou, R., & Duan, X. (2019) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b02305 · Cited by 87
Kim, H., Lee, H., Seong, K., Lee, E., Yang, S. Y., & Yoon, J. (2015) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201500323 · Cited by 86
A Review of Functional Hydrogels for Flexible Chemical Sensors
Zhou, P., Zhang, Z., Mo, F., & Wang, Y. (2023) · Advanced Sensor Research · doi:10.1002/adsr.202300021 · Cited by 82
Self-citationHydrogels and conductive hydrogels for implantable bioelectronics
Sagdic, K., Lavado, E. F., Mariello, M., Akouissi, O., & Lacour, S. P. (2023) · MRS Bulletin · doi:10.1557/s43577-023-00536-1 · Cited by 82
Soft Bioelectronics for Therapeutics
Zhang, Z., Zhu, Z., Zhou, P., Zou, Y., Yang, J., Haick, H., & Wang, Y. (2023) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c02513 · Cited by 81
Self-citationSeow, W. Y., Salgado, G., Lane, E. B., & Hauser, C. A. E. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep32670 · Cited by 78
Flexible porous Gelatin/Polypyrrole/Reduction graphene oxide organohydrogel for wearable electronics
You, L., Shi, X., Cheng, J., Yang, J., Xiong, C., Ding, Z., Zheng, Z., Wang, S., & Wang, J. (2022) · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.041 · Cited by 66
Self-citationNondrying, Sticky Hydrogels for the Next Generation of High-Resolution Conformable Bioelectronics
Carvalho, F. M., Lopes, P. A., Carneiro, M. R., Serra, A. C., Coelho, J. F. J., de Almeida, A. T., & Tavakoli, M. (2020) · ACS Applied Electronic Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaelm.0c00653 · Cited by 46
Wan, C., Wu, Z., Ren, M., Tang, M., Gao, Y., Shang, X., Li, T., Xia, Z., Yang, Z., Mao, S., et al. (2023) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c01902 · Cited by 44
Stretchable Transparent Supercapacitors for Wearable and Implantable Medical Devices
Su, Y., Li, N., Wang, L., Lin, R., Zheng, Y., Rong, G., & Sawan, M. (2021) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.202100608 · Cited by 29
Liu, X., Huang, Z., Ye, C., Luo, Z., Chen, L., Yao, X., Liang, F., Yang, T., Bi, H., Wang, C., et al. (2022) · Macromolecular Materials and Engineering · doi:10.1002/mame.202200001 · Cited by 24
Self-citationBrown, M. S., Mendoza, M., Chavoshnejad, P., Razavi, M. J., Mahler, G. J., & Koh, A. (2020) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.202000242 · Cited by 23
Cited by
Design and applications of conductive polymers in wearable electrophysiological sensing
Zhou, N., Zhang, L., Cui, T., Wu, P., & Lei, Z. (2025) · Science China Technological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11431-025-3114-6 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, Z., Yang, J., Wang, H., Wang, C., Gu, Y., Xu, Y., Lee, S., Yokota, T., Haick, H., Someya, T., & Wang, Y.
- Venue
- Science Advances
- Published
- 2024-01-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- eadj5389-eadj5389
- ISSN
- 2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4390717536
- Cited by
- 292
- References
- 57
- FWCI
- 30.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
