Cited by 12Plant-Microbe Interactions and ImmunityInsect-Plant Interactions and ControlChromosomal and Genetic Variations

Ancient pangenomic origins of noncanonical NLR genes underlying the recent evolutionary rescue of a staple crop

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VanGessel, Carl J., Felderhoff, Terry J., Prigozhin, Daniil M., Cui, Meihua, Pressoir, Gael, Healey, Adam L., Lovell, John T., Nalam, Vamsi J. +2 more·2025·Science Advances

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

The recent adaptation of the cereal crop sorghum to a global aphid outbreak was a fortuitous case of evolutionary rescue, but the pangenomic and molecular basis is not known. We show that RMES1 disrupts phloem feeding via activation of conserved immunity networks, with a growth-to-defense transition mediated by phytohormone signaling and activated by nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) resistance genes on a structural variant. The causative NLRs [resistance to Melanaphis sorghi 1A (RMES1A) and RMES1B] lack signaling domains and have adenosine triphosphatase mutations expected to abrogate function, suggesting that RMES1 NLRs regulate immunity via a noncanonical mechanism. The RMES1 NLR family is ancient, orthologous to phloem-feeding resistance genes in rice and syntenic across the grass superpangenome. Thus, gene birth-and-death processes at an ancient gene cluster created rare standing variation and provided the adaptive allele for evolutionary rescue.

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Authors
VanGessel, C. J., Felderhoff, T. J., Prigozhin, D. M., Cui, M., Pressoir, G., Healey, A. L., Lovell, J. T., Nalam, V. J., Nishimura, M. T., & Morris, G. P.
Affiliations
  • Colorado State University (US)
  • Kansas State University (US)
  • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
  • CHIBAS, Centre Haitien d’Innovation en Biotechnologies pour une Agriculture Soutenable, #13 Rue EDH Lathan, Croix des Bouquets, Haiti.
  • HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (US)
Corresponding author
Morris, Geoffrey P.
Venue
Science Advances
Published
2025-10-10
Volume
11
Issue
41
Pages
eady1667-eady1667
ISSN
2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4415035297
Cited by
10
References
108
Citations by year
2026: 10
FWCI
5.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Science Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • United States Agency for International Development (AIDOAALA1600003)
  • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-053669, INV-009319)
  • Joint Genome Institute
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
Keywords
sorghum, evolutionary rescue, aphid outbreaks, Melanaphis sorghi, phloem feeding, plant immunity, structural variants, gene birth and death, gene family evolution, plant hormone signaling, pan-genome, rice, standing genetic variation
MeSH terms
NLR Proteins, Animals, Aphids, Phylogeny, Plant Diseases, Plant Proteins, Crops, Agricultural, Evolution, Molecular, Sorghum, Disease Resistance

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