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Cited by 319Motor Control and AdaptationCephalopods and Marine BiologyMarine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology

Control of octopus arm extension by a peripheral motor program

Sumbre, German, Gutfreund, Yoram, Fiorito, Graziano, Flash, Tamar, Hochner, Binyamin·2001·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.1060976
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Abstract

For goal-directed arm movements, the nervous system generates a sequence of motor commands that bring the arm toward the target. Control of the octopus arm is especially complex because the arm can be moved in any direction, with a virtually infinite number of degrees of freedom. Here we show that arm extensions can be evoked mechanically or electrically in arms whose connection with the brain has been severed. These extensions show kinematic features that are almost identical to normal behavior, suggesting that the basic motor program for voluntary movement is embedded within the neural circuitry of the arm itself. Such peripheral motor programs represent considerable simplification in the motor control of this highly redundant appendage.

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Crossref · 10.1126/science.1060976

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18 of 18 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Movement in isolated arms kinematically resembles that seen in whole animals.

    “movement in these isolated arms kinematically resembles that seen in whole animals (Sumbre et al., 2001).”

    From Lessons for Robotics From the Control Architecture of the Octopus (2022) · cites this paper as Sumbre et al., 2001

  • The control problem inherent in the octopus's large number of degrees of freedom could be further simplified by relying on feedforward movement strategies in unconstrained conditions and feedback strategies in lower-dimensional constrained environments.

    “The control problem inherent in the octopus’s large number of degrees of freedom could be further simplified by relying on feedforward movement strategies in unconstrained (high-dimensional) conditions (e.g. reaching toward a visual target (Sumbre et al., 2001)), and feedback strategies when operating in a lower-dimensional constrained environment (Gutnick et al., 2011), in which the arm can use”

    From Lessons for Robotics From the Control Architecture of the Octopus (2022) · cites this paper as Sumbre et al., 2001

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Authors
Sumbre, G., Gutfreund, Y., Fiorito, G., Flash, T., & Hochner, B.
Affiliations
  • Department of Neurobiology and Interdisciplinary Center for Neuronal Computation, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
  • Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
  • Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (IT)
  • Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
Corresponding author
  • Gutfreund, Yoram
  • Hochner, Binyamin
ORCID
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2001-09-07
Volume
293
Issue
5536
Pages
1845-1848
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.1060976
OpenAlex
W2016462314
Cited by
319
References
18
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
FWCI
1.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) (acceptedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Cephalopods and Marine Biology
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
Keywords
octopus arm, arm extension, motor control, motor redundancy, degrees of freedom, voluntary movement, kinematics, electrical stimulation, mechanical stimulation, cephalopod locomotion
MeSH terms
Animals, Electric Stimulation, Electromyography, Motor Neurons, Movement, Muscle Denervation, Nerve Net, Peripheral Nervous System, Octopodiformes

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